# Rule 4.6 Rally: how the wording changed (American one-wall, small ball) 48 rulebooks state this rule, from 20 June 1990 to 26 January 2025. The wording was reworded or changed 44 times. ## How to read this - Added words are marked [+ like this +]; removed words [- like this -]. - Each rulebook says what kind of change it is: unchanged, punctuation only, moved, reworded or changed. - A program matched each clause with the one before it. Automatic matches were made by the program alone; machine-reviewed ones were also checked by a second program. A person has not checked either. ## Rulebook by rulebook | Date | Rulebook | Clauses, by kind of change | | --- | --- | --- | | 20 June 1990 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990 | 21 first recorded | | 14 October 1994 | USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994 | 21 first recorded | | 31 January 1999 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 31 January 1999 | 15 unchanged, 3 punctuation only, 2 reworded, 1 changed | | 31 January 1999 | American four-wall, 31 January 1999 | 15 unchanged, 3 punctuation only, 2 reworded, 1 changed | | 2000 | USHA One-Wall Rules, 2000 | 19 unchanged, 1 punctuation only, 1 changed | | 9 March 2001 | USHA One-Wall Rules, March 2001 | 21 unchanged | | 7 October 2001 | USHA One-Wall Rules, 7 October 2001 | 21 unchanged | | 8 April 2002 | USHA One-Wall Rules, 8 April 2002 | 21 unchanged | | 20 August 2002 | USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002 | 21 unchanged | | 19 January 2005 | USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004 | 20 unchanged | | 1 April 2005 | USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005 | 7 unchanged, 5 punctuation only, 2 moved, 6 reworded, 1 changed | | 15 April 2005 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 16 January 2005 | 13 unchanged, 3 punctuation only, 4 reworded, 1 changed | | June 2006 | USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006 | 19 unchanged, 1 punctuation only, 1 changed | | June 2006 | American one-wall, small ball, June 2006 | 19 unchanged, 1 punctuation only, 1 changed | | June 2006 | USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006 | 20 unchanged, 1 changed | | May 2007 | USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007 | 21 unchanged | | 13 October 2007 | American three-wall, 13 October 2007 | 12 unchanged, 3 punctuation only, 5 reworded | | June 2008 | USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008 | 19 unchanged, 2 punctuation only | | 2012 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2012 | 13 unchanged, 8 punctuation only | | 2014 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014 | 21 unchanged | | January 2014 | USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014 | 21 unchanged | | 6 February 2015 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015 | 21 unchanged | | 6 February 2015 | USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015 | 10 unchanged, 9 punctuation only, 2 changed | | 6 February 2015 | USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015 | 6 unchanged, 8 punctuation only, 6 reworded | | 22 January 2017 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017 | 21 unchanged | | 22 January 2017 | USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017 | 21 unchanged | | 22 January 2017 | USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017 | 20 unchanged | | 27 January 2019 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019 | 21 unchanged | | 27 January 2019 | USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019 | 10 unchanged, 9 punctuation only, 2 changed | | 12 July 2019 | American four-wall, 12 July 2019 | 21 unchanged | | 12 July 2019 | American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019 | 21 unchanged | | 26 January 2020 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020 | 21 unchanged | | 26 January 2020 | USHA One-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020 | 21 unchanged | | 20 September 2020 | USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020 | 21 unchanged | | 21 September 2020 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, September 2020 | 21 unchanged | | 22 January 2021 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021 | 21 unchanged | | 22 January 2021 | USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021 | 20 unchanged, 1 punctuation only | | 9 December 2021 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, December 2021 | 21 unchanged | | 23 January 2022 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022 | 19 unchanged, 2 punctuation only | | 23 January 2022 | USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022 | 1 first recorded, 20 unchanged, 1 punctuation only | | 27 November 2022 | American four-wall, 27 November 2022 | 21 unchanged | | 17 January 2024 | American four-wall, 17 January 2024 | 21 unchanged | | 26 January 2024 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024 | 19 unchanged, 1 reworded, 1 changed | | 26 January 2024 | USHA One-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024 | 20 unchanged, 1 reworded, 1 changed | | 17 July 2024 | American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024 | 22 unchanged | | 26 January 2025 | USHA Four-Wall Rulebook, 26 January 2025 | 21 unchanged | | 26 January 2025 | USHA One-Wall Rulebook, 26 January 2025 | 22 unchanged | | 26 January 2025 | USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 26 January 2025 | 16 unchanged, 1 punctuation only, 3 reworded | ## The wording ### Rule 4.6, part 1 of 22 Begins: “When the ball is legally returned and kept in…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > When the ball is legally returned and kept in play after a legal serve is executed. Interpretations: 15 interpretations attached. - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to have the point replayed. - New here: A ball that is starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - New here: The referee should call for a replay only if he determines that a ball has cracked sufficiently to cause an erratic bounce. - New here: If a player suspects a ball has cracked, he should immediately toss it to the referee for inspection. - New here: The player should not push or squeeze the ball. - New here: This is the referee's responsibility and he will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: In most cases, if a foreign object (such as a ball from an adjacent court) enters the court, the referee should immediately stop play and call a hinder because of the distraction and for safety reasons. - New here: However, it might happen that a player would lose a shoe, headband or even a glove. - New here: In these cases, the referee should allow the opposing player one opportunity to hit a rally-ending shot if all of the following conditions are met: - New here: The referee believes the opposing player is in no danger of stepping on the lost object; - New here: The opposing player does not appear to be distracted by the lost object; - New here: And the opposing player apparently has an opportunity to hit an offensive, rally-ending shot. - New here: If the player is allowed the one offensive shot, one of the following calls should be made immediately afterward: If the player skips the ball in, that player loses the rally. - New here: If the player hits a kill shot or pass shot that cannot be retrieved, that player should be awarded the rally. - New here: If the player who lost the equipment is able to retrieve the shot, a hinder should be called. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > When the ball is legally returned and kept in play after a legal serve is executed. Interpretations: 15 interpretations attached. - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to have the point replayed. - New here: A ball that is starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - New here: The referee should call for a replay only if he determines that a ball has cracked sufficiently to cause an erratic bounce. - New here: If a player suspects a ball has cracked, he should immediately toss it to the referee for inspection. - New here: The player should not push or squeeze the ball. - New here: This is the referee's responsibility, and he will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: In most cases, if a foreign object (such as a ball from an adjacent court) enters the court, the referee should immediately stop play and call a hinder because of the distraction and for safety reasons. - New here: However, it might happen that a player would lose a shoe, headband or even a glove. - New here: In these cases, the referee should allow the opposing player one opportunity to hit a rally-ending shot if all of the following conditions are met: - New here: 1) The referee believes the opposing player is in no danger of stepping on the lost object; - New here: 2) The opposing player does not appear to be distracted by the lost object; - New here: 3) And the opposing player apparently has an opportunity to hit an offensive, rally-ending shot. - New here: If the player is allowed the one offensive shot, one of the following calls should be made immediately afterward: If the player skips the ball in, that player loses the rally. - New here: If the player hits a kill shot or pass shot that cannot be retrieved, that player should be awarded the rally. - New here: If the player who lost the equipment is able to retrieve the shot, a hinder should be called. - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 18 interpretations attached; 15 carried over unchanged. - New here: 1. - New here: 2. - New here: 3. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 18 interpretations attached; 15 carried over unchanged. - New here: 1. - New here: 2. - New here: 3. 5 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - **19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 18 interpretations attached; 18 carried over unchanged. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > [- When -] [+ A rally is defined aswhen +] the ball is legally returned and kept in play after a legal serve is executed. 5 words added, 1 removed. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6 J: Interpretation No. 8 - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to have the point replayed. - New here: A ball that is starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - New here: The referee should call for a replay only if he/she determines that a ball has cracked sufficiently to cause an erratic bounce. - New here: If a player suspects a ball has cracked, he/she should immediately toss it to the referee for inspection. - New here: No player shall make any physical effort to determine if the ball is cracked or otherwise unplayable without the express consent of the referee. - New here: This is solely the referee's responsibility and he/she will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: At the referee’s discretion, if a ball is found to be unplayable due to the unauthorized physical efforts of any player, it shall be deemed to have been made unplayable by that player’s actions and not during the rally, and the preceding rally shall not be replayed. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6 K: Interpretation No. 9 - New here: In most cases, if a foreign object (such as a ball from an adjacent court) enters the court, the referee should immediately stop play and call a hinder because of the distraction and for safety reasons. - New here: However, it might happen that a player would lose a shoe, headband or even a glove. - New here: In these cases, the referee should allow the opposing player one opportunity to hit a rally-ending shot if all of the following conditions are met: - **15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > [- When -] [+ A rally is defined as when +] the ball is legally returned and kept in play after a legal serve is executed. 6 words added, 1 removed. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 5 carried over unchanged; 13 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.J: Interpretation No. 8 - New here: The referee should call for a replay only if he/she determines that a ball has cracked sufficiently to cause an erratic bounce. - New here: If a player suspects a ball has cracked, he/she should immediately toss it to the referee for inspection. - New here: No player shall make any physical effort to determine if the ball is cracked or otherwise unplayable without the express consent of the referee. - New here: This is solely the referee's responsibility and he/she will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: At the referee’s discretion, if a ball is found to be unplayable due to the unauthorized physical efforts of any player, it shall be deemed to have been made unplayable by that player’s actions and not during the rally, and the preceding rally shall not be replayed. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.K: Interpretation No. 9 - **June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 16 January 2005. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 9 carried over unchanged; 3 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Interpretation No. 8. - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to warrant a replay. - New here: A ball this starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - **June 2006, American one-wall, small ball**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 9 carried over unchanged; 3 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Interpretation No. 8. - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to warrant a replay. - New here: A ball this starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - **June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 10 carried over unchanged; 2 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to warrant a replay. - New here: A ball this starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - **May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **13 October 2007, American three-wall**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > [- When -] [+ A rally is defined as when +] the ball is legally returned and kept in play after a legal serve is executed. 6 words added, 1 removed. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 5 carried over unchanged; 13 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.J: Interpretation No. 8 - New here: The referee should call for a replay only if he/she determines that a ball has cracked sufficiently to cause an erratic bounce. - New here: If a player suspects a ball has cracked, he/she should immediately toss it to the referee for inspection. - New here: No player shall make any physical effort to determine if the ball is cracked or otherwise unplayable without the express consent of the referee. - New here: This is solely the referee's responsibility and he/she will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: At the referee’s discretion, if a ball is found to be unplayable due to the unauthorized physical efforts of any player, it shall be deemed to have been made unplayable by that player’s actions and not during the rally, and the preceding rally shall not be replayed. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.K: Interpretation No. 9 - **June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. > A rally is defined [- aswhen -] [+ as when +] the ball is legally returned and kept in play after a legal serve is executed. 2 words added, 1 removed. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 11 carried over unchanged; 1 earlier one no longer attached. - New here: A ball that is starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - **2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 9 carried over unchanged; 3 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.J: Interpretation No. 8: - New here: A ball that is starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - New here: This is solely the referee’s responsibility and he/she will make the replay call if necessary. - **2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2012. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 9 carried over unchanged; 3 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.J: Interpretation No. 8: - New here: This is solely the referee’s responsibility and he/she will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.K: Interpretation No. 9 - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > [- When -] [+ A rally is defined as when +] the ball is legally returned and kept in play after a legal serve is executed. 6 words added, 1 removed. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 4 carried over unchanged; 14 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.J: Interpretation No. 8: - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to warrant a replay. - New here: The referee should call for a replay only if he/she determines that a ball has cracked sufficiently to cause an erratic bounce. - New here: If a player suspects a ball has cracked, he/she should immediately toss it to the referee for inspection. - New here: No player shall make any physical effort to determine if the ball is cracked or otherwise unplayable without the express consent of the referee. - New here: This is solely the referee’s responsibility and he/she will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: At the referee’s discretion, if a ball is found to be unplayable due to the unauthorized physical efforts of any player, it shall be deemed to have been made unplayable by that player’s actions and not during the rally, and the preceding rally shall not be replayed. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.K: Interpretation No. 9 - **22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 10 carried over unchanged; 2 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6 J: Interpretation No. 8 - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6 K: Interpretation No. 9 - **12 July 2019, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, September 2020. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, December 2021. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **27 November 2022, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **17 January 2024, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 27 November 2022. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 17 January 2024. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. ### Rule 4.6, part 2 of 22 Begins: “Play during rallies must be in accord with the…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > Play during rallies must be in accord with the following rules: Interpretations: 15 interpretations attached. - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to have the point replayed. - New here: A ball that is starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - New here: The referee should call for a replay only if he determines that a ball has cracked sufficiently to cause an erratic bounce. - New here: If a player suspects a ball has cracked, he should immediately toss it to the referee for inspection. - New here: The player should not push or squeeze the ball. - New here: This is the referee's responsibility and he will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: In most cases, if a foreign object (such as a ball from an adjacent court) enters the court, the referee should immediately stop play and call a hinder because of the distraction and for safety reasons. - New here: However, it might happen that a player would lose a shoe, headband or even a glove. - New here: In these cases, the referee should allow the opposing player one opportunity to hit a rally-ending shot if all of the following conditions are met: - New here: The referee believes the opposing player is in no danger of stepping on the lost object; - New here: The opposing player does not appear to be distracted by the lost object; - New here: And the opposing player apparently has an opportunity to hit an offensive, rally-ending shot. - New here: If the player is allowed the one offensive shot, one of the following calls should be made immediately afterward: If the player skips the ball in, that player loses the rally. - New here: If the player hits a kill shot or pass shot that cannot be retrieved, that player should be awarded the rally. - New here: If the player who lost the equipment is able to retrieve the shot, a hinder should be called. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > Play during rallies must be in accord with the following rules: Interpretations: 15 interpretations attached. - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to have the point replayed. - New here: A ball that is starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - New here: The referee should call for a replay only if he determines that a ball has cracked sufficiently to cause an erratic bounce. - New here: If a player suspects a ball has cracked, he should immediately toss it to the referee for inspection. - New here: The player should not push or squeeze the ball. - New here: This is the referee's responsibility, and he will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: In most cases, if a foreign object (such as a ball from an adjacent court) enters the court, the referee should immediately stop play and call a hinder because of the distraction and for safety reasons. - New here: However, it might happen that a player would lose a shoe, headband or even a glove. - New here: In these cases, the referee should allow the opposing player one opportunity to hit a rally-ending shot if all of the following conditions are met: - New here: 1) The referee believes the opposing player is in no danger of stepping on the lost object; - New here: 2) The opposing player does not appear to be distracted by the lost object; - New here: 3) And the opposing player apparently has an opportunity to hit an offensive, rally-ending shot. - New here: If the player is allowed the one offensive shot, one of the following calls should be made immediately afterward: If the player skips the ball in, that player loses the rally. - New here: If the player hits a kill shot or pass shot that cannot be retrieved, that player should be awarded the rally. - New here: If the player who lost the equipment is able to retrieve the shot, a hinder should be called. - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 18 interpretations attached; 15 carried over unchanged. - New here: 1. - New here: 2. - New here: 3. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 18 interpretations attached; 15 carried over unchanged. - New here: 1. - New here: 2. - New here: 3. 5 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - **19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 18 interpretations attached; 18 carried over unchanged. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6 J: Interpretation No. 8 - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to have the point replayed. - New here: A ball that is starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - New here: The referee should call for a replay only if he/she determines that a ball has cracked sufficiently to cause an erratic bounce. - New here: If a player suspects a ball has cracked, he/she should immediately toss it to the referee for inspection. - New here: No player shall make any physical effort to determine if the ball is cracked or otherwise unplayable without the express consent of the referee. - New here: This is solely the referee's responsibility and he/she will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: At the referee’s discretion, if a ball is found to be unplayable due to the unauthorized physical efforts of any player, it shall be deemed to have been made unplayable by that player’s actions and not during the rally, and the preceding rally shall not be replayed. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6 K: Interpretation No. 9 - New here: In most cases, if a foreign object (such as a ball from an adjacent court) enters the court, the referee should immediately stop play and call a hinder because of the distraction and for safety reasons. - New here: However, it might happen that a player would lose a shoe, headband or even a glove. - New here: In these cases, the referee should allow the opposing player one opportunity to hit a rally-ending shot if all of the following conditions are met: - **15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 5 carried over unchanged; 13 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.J: Interpretation No. 8 - New here: The referee should call for a replay only if he/she determines that a ball has cracked sufficiently to cause an erratic bounce. - New here: If a player suspects a ball has cracked, he/she should immediately toss it to the referee for inspection. - New here: No player shall make any physical effort to determine if the ball is cracked or otherwise unplayable without the express consent of the referee. - New here: This is solely the referee's responsibility and he/she will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: At the referee’s discretion, if a ball is found to be unplayable due to the unauthorized physical efforts of any player, it shall be deemed to have been made unplayable by that player’s actions and not during the rally, and the preceding rally shall not be replayed. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.K: Interpretation No. 9 - **June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 16 January 2005. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 9 carried over unchanged; 3 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Interpretation No. 8. - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to warrant a replay. - New here: A ball this starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - **June 2006, American one-wall, small ball**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 9 carried over unchanged; 3 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Interpretation No. 8. - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to warrant a replay. - New here: A ball this starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - **June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 10 carried over unchanged; 2 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to warrant a replay. - New here: A ball this starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - **May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **13 October 2007, American three-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 5 carried over unchanged; 13 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.J: Interpretation No. 8 - New here: The referee should call for a replay only if he/she determines that a ball has cracked sufficiently to cause an erratic bounce. - New here: If a player suspects a ball has cracked, he/she should immediately toss it to the referee for inspection. - New here: No player shall make any physical effort to determine if the ball is cracked or otherwise unplayable without the express consent of the referee. - New here: This is solely the referee's responsibility and he/she will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: At the referee’s discretion, if a ball is found to be unplayable due to the unauthorized physical efforts of any player, it shall be deemed to have been made unplayable by that player’s actions and not during the rally, and the preceding rally shall not be replayed. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.K: Interpretation No. 9 - **June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 11 carried over unchanged; 1 earlier one no longer attached. - New here: A ball that is starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - **2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 9 carried over unchanged; 3 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.J: Interpretation No. 8: - New here: A ball that is starting to crack will often have an erratic bounce. - New here: This is solely the referee’s responsibility and he/she will make the replay call if necessary. - **2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2012. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 9 carried over unchanged; 3 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.J: Interpretation No. 8: - New here: This is solely the referee’s responsibility and he/she will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.K: Interpretation No. 9 - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 4 carried over unchanged; 14 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.J: Interpretation No. 8: - New here: The ball does not have to be completely broken to warrant a replay. - New here: The referee should call for a replay only if he/she determines that a ball has cracked sufficiently to cause an erratic bounce. - New here: If a player suspects a ball has cracked, he/she should immediately toss it to the referee for inspection. - New here: No player shall make any physical effort to determine if the ball is cracked or otherwise unplayable without the express consent of the referee. - New here: This is solely the referee’s responsibility and he/she will make the replay call if necessary. - New here: At the referee’s discretion, if a ball is found to be unplayable due to the unauthorized physical efforts of any player, it shall be deemed to have been made unplayable by that player’s actions and not during the rally, and the preceding rally shall not be replayed. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6.K: Interpretation No. 9 - **22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 10 carried over unchanged; 2 earlier ones no longer attached. - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6 J: Interpretation No. 8 - New here: Part 4, Rule 4.6 K: Interpretation No. 9 - **12 July 2019, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, September 2020. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, December 2021. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **27 November 2022, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **17 January 2024, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 27 November 2022. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 17 January 2024. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. - **26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. Same words as the rulebook compared with. Interpretations: 12 interpretations attached; 12 carried over unchanged. ### Rule 4.6, part 3 of 22 Begins: “1.) The ball bounces on the floor twice before…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 1.) The ball bounces on the floor twice before being hit. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 1) The ball bounces on the floor twice before being hit. 8 more rulebooks with the same words: - 31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. - 31 January 1999, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > [- 1) -] [+ 1.) +] The ball bounces on the floor twice before being hit. 1 word added, 1 removed. 7 more rulebooks with the same words: - 15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - 13 October 2007, American three-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - **2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. > [- 1.) -] [+ 1) +] The ball bounces on the floor twice before being hit. 1 word added, 1 removed. 3 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. > [- 1.) -] [+ 1) +] The ball bounces on the floor twice before being hit. 1 word added, 1 removed. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > [- 1.) -] [+ 1) +] The ball bounces on the floor twice before being hit. 1 word added, 1 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - **27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > [- 1) -] [+ 1.) +] The ball bounces on the floor twice before being hit. 1 word added, 1 removed. 19 more rulebooks with the same words: - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. ### Rule 4.6, part 4 of 22 Begins: “1.) Singles. If a player swings at but misses…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 1.) Singles. > If a player swings at but misses the ball in play,the player may repeat his attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 1) Singles. If a player swings at but misses the ball in play, the player may repeat his attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > 1.) Singles. [- > -] If a player swings at but misses the ball in [- play,the -] [+ play, the +] player may repeat his attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 2 words added, 1 removed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > 1.) Singles. [- > -] If a player swings at but misses the ball in [- play,the -] [+ play, the +] player may repeat his attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 2 words added, 1 removed. 6 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > [- 1) -] [+ 1.) +] Singles. If a player swings at but misses the ball in play, the player may repeat [- his -] attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 1 word added, 2 removed. - **15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > 1.) Singles. If a player swings at but misses the ball in play, the player may repeat [- his -] attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 1 word removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - **13 October 2007, American three-wall**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > 1.) Singles. If a player swings at but misses the ball in play, the player may repeat [- his -] attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 1 word removed. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - **2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. > [- 1.) -] [+ 1) +] Singles. If a player swings at but misses the ball in play, the player may repeat attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 1 word added, 1 removed. 3 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. > [- 1.) -] [+ 1) +] Singles. If a player swings at but misses the ball in play, the player may repeat attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 1 word added, 1 removed. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > [- 1.) -] [+ 1) +] Singles. If a player swings at but misses the ball in play, the player may repeat [- his -] attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 1 word added, 2 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - **27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > [- 1) -] [+ 1.) +] Singles. If a player swings at but misses the ball in play, the player may repeat attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 1 word added, 1 removed. 19 more rulebooks with the same words: - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. ### Rule 4.6, part 5 of 22 Begins: “2.) The ball fails to reach the front wall…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 2.) The ball fails to reach the front wall on the fly. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 2) The ball fails to reach the wall and rebound into the playing zone (See Rule 4.4C). - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > 2.) [- The -] [+ After contact, the +] ball fails to reach the front wall [- on -] [+ before touching +] the [- fly. -] [+ floor. +] 6 words added, 3 removed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > 2.) [- The -] [+ After contact, the +] ball fails to reach the front wall [- on -] [+ before touching +] the [- fly. -] [+ floor. +] 6 words added, 3 removed. 6 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > [- 2) The -] [+ 2.) After contact, the +] ball fails to reach the wall and rebound into the playing zone [- (See Rule 4.4C). -] [+ . +] 5 words added, 5 removed. 7 more rulebooks with the same words: - 15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - 13 October 2007, American three-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - **2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. > [- 2.) -] [+ 2) +] After contact, the ball fails to reach the front wall before touching the floor. 1 word added, 1 removed. 3 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. > [- 2.) -] [+ 2) +] After contact, the ball fails to reach the [+ front +] wall [- and rebound into -] [+ before touching +] the [- playing zone . -] [+ floor. +] 5 words added, 7 removed. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > [- 2.) -] [+ 2) +] After contact, the ball fails to reach the front wall before touching the floor. 1 word added, 1 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - **27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > [- 2) -] [+ 2.) +] After contact, the ball fails to reach the [- front -] wall [- before touching -] [+ and rebound into +] the [- floor. -] [+ playing zone . +] 7 words added, 5 removed. 19 more rulebooks with the same words: - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. ### Rule 4.6, part 6 of 22 Begins: “2.) Doubles. Both players on a side are entitled…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 2.) Doubles. > Both players on a side are entitled to attempt to return the ball. > If one player swings at but misses the ball,both he and his partner may make further attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 2) Doubles. Both players on a side are entitled to attempt to return the ball. If one player swings at but misses the ball, both player and partner may make further attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > 2.) Doubles. [- > -] Both players on a side are entitled to attempt to return the ball. [- > -] If one player swings at but misses the [- ball,both -] [+ ball, both +] he and his partner may make further attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 2 words added, 1 removed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > 2.) Doubles. [- > -] Both players on a side are entitled to attempt to return the ball. [- > -] If one player swings at but misses the [- ball,both -] [+ ball, both +] he and his partner may make further attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 2 words added, 1 removed. 6 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > [- 2) -] [+ 2.) +] Doubles. Both players on a side are entitled to attempt to return the ball. If one player swings at but misses the ball, both [- player -] [+ he/she +] and [+ his/her +] partner may make further attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 3 words added, 2 removed. - **15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > 2.) Doubles. Both players on a side are entitled to attempt to return the ball. If one player swings at but misses the ball, both [- he -] [+ he/she +] and [- his -] [+ his/her +] partner may make further attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 2 words added, 2 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - **13 October 2007, American three-wall**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > 2.) Doubles. Both players on a side are entitled to attempt to return the ball. If one player swings at but misses the ball, both [- he -] [+ he/she +] and [- his -] [+ his/her +] partner may make further attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 2 words added, 2 removed. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - **2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. > [- 2.) -] [+ 2) +] Doubles. Both players on a side are entitled to attempt to return the ball. If one player swings at but misses the ball, both he/she and his/her partner may make further attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 1 word added, 1 removed. 3 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. > [- 2.) -] [+ 2) +] Doubles. Both players on a side are entitled to attempt to return the ball. If one player swings at but misses the ball, both he/she and his/her partner may make further attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 1 word added, 1 removed. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > [- 2.) -] [+ 2) +] Doubles. Both players on a side are entitled to attempt to return the ball. If one player swings at but misses the ball, both [- he -] [+ he/she +] and [- his -] [+ his/her +] partner may make further attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 3 words added, 3 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - **27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > [- 2) -] [+ 2.) +] Doubles. Both players on a side are entitled to attempt to return the ball. If one player swings at but misses the ball, both he/she and his/her partner may make further attempts to return the ball until it touches the floor the second time. 1 word added, 1 removed. 19 more rulebooks with the same words: - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. ### Rule 4.6, part 7 of 22 Begins: “2) Player. If a player stops play for any…” - **23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 2) Player. If a player stops play for any reason other than safety or equipment the referee shall consider this to be an appeal for concurrence and the player stops play at his/her own risk. If the appeal is upheld, the player’s call shall stand. Otherwise, the player loses the rally or the referee may call for a replay. 3 more rulebooks with the same words: - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). ### Rule 4.6, item 3 Begins: “3.) Hinders. In singles or doubles, if a player…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 3.) Hinders. > In singles or doubles, if a player swings at but misses the ball in play, and, in his or his partner's continuing attempt to play the ball before it touches the floor a second time, an opponent commits unintentional interference, a hinder is called (See Rule 4.7) - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 3) Hinders. In singles or doubles, if a player swings at but misses the ball in play, and, in the player's or his partner's continuing attempt to play the ball before it touches the floor a second time, an opponent commits unintentional interference, a hinder is called (See Rule 4.7). - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > 3.) Hinders. [- > -] In singles or doubles, if a player swings at but misses the ball in play, and, in his or his partner's continuing attempt to play the ball before it touches the floor a second time, an opponent commits [- unintentional -] [+ unavoidable +] interference, a hinder is called (See Rule [- 4.7) -] [+ 4.7). +] 2 words added, 2 removed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > 3.) Hinders. [- > -] In singles or doubles, if a player swings at but misses the ball in play, and, in his or his partner's continuing attempt to play the ball before it touches the floor a second time, an opponent commits [- unintentional -] [+ unavoidable +] interference, a hinder is called (See Rule [- 4.7) -] [+ 4.7). +] 2 words added, 2 removed. - **2000, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. > 3) Hinders. In singles or doubles, if a player swings at but misses the ball in play, and, in the player's or his partner's continuing attempt to play the ball before it touches the floor a second time, an opponent commits [- unintentional -] [+ unavoidable +] interference, a hinder is called (See Rule 4.7). 1 word added, 1 removed. 5 more rulebooks with the same words: - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > [- 3) -] [+ 3.) +] Hinders. In singles or doubles, if a player swings at but misses the ball in play, and, in [- the player's -] [+ his/her +] or [- his -] [+ his/her +] partner's continuing attempt to play the ball before it touches the floor a second time, an opponent commits unavoidable interference, a hinder is called [- (See -] [+ ( See +] Rule [- 4.7). -] [+ 4.7 ). +] 7 words added, 6 removed. - **15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > 3.) Hinders. In singles or doubles, if a player swings at but misses the ball in play, and, in [- his -] [+ his/her +] or [- his -] [+ his/her +] partner's continuing attempt to play the ball before it touches the floor a second time, an opponent commits unavoidable interference, a hinder is called (See Rule 4.7). 2 words added, 2 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - **13 October 2007, American three-wall**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > 3.) Hinders. In singles or doubles, if a player swings at but misses the ball in play, and, in [- his -] [+ his/her +] or [- his -] [+ his/her +] partner's continuing attempt to play the ball before it touches the floor a second time, an opponent commits unavoidable interference, a hinder is called (See Rule 4.7). 2 words added, 2 removed. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - **2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. > [- 3.) -] [+ 3) +] Hinders. In singles or doubles, if a player swings at but misses the ball in play, and, in his/her or his/her [- partner's -] [+ partner’s +] continuing attempt to play the ball before it touches the floor a second time, an opponent commits unavoidable interference, a hinder is called (See Rule 4.7). 2 words added, 2 removed. 3 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. > [- 3.) -] [+ 3) +] Hinders. In singles or doubles, if a player swings at but misses the ball in play, and, in his/her or his/her [- partner's -] [+ partner’s +] continuing attempt to play the ball before it touches the floor a second time, an opponent commits unavoidable interference, a hinder is called [- ( See -] [+ (See +] Rule [- 4.7 ). -] [+ 4.7). +] 4 words added, 6 removed. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > [- 3.) -] [+ 3) +] Hinders. In singles or doubles, if a player swings at but misses the ball in play, and, in [- his -] [+ his/her +] or [- his partner's -] [+ his/her partner’s +] continuing attempt to play the ball before it touches the floor a second time, an opponent commits unavoidable interference, a hinder is called (See Rule 4.7). 4 words added, 4 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - **27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > [- 3) -] [+ 3.) +] Hinders. In singles or doubles, if a player swings at but misses the ball in play, and, in his/her or his/her partner’s continuing attempt to play the ball before it touches the floor a second time, an opponent commits unavoidable interference, a hinder is called [- (See -] [+ ( See +] Rule [- 4.7). -] [+ 4.7 ). +] 5 words added, 3 removed. 19 more rulebooks with the same words: - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. ### Rule 4.6, item 4 Begins: “4.) A ball that obviously did not have the…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 4.) A ball that obviously did not have the velocity or direction to hit the front wall strikes another player on the court. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 3) A ball that obviously did not have the velocity or direction to be returned legally (See Rule 4.4C) strikes another player on the court. - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > 4.) A ball that obviously did not have the velocity or direction to hit the front wall strikes [- another player on the court. -] [+ an opponent. +] 2 words added, 5 removed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > 4.) A ball that obviously did not have the velocity or direction to hit the front wall strikes [- another player on the court. -] [+ an opponent. +] 2 words added, 5 removed. 6 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Moved (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > [- 3) -] [+ 4.) +] A ball that obviously did not have the velocity or direction to be returned legally (See Rule [- 4.4C) -] [+ 4.4 C) +] strikes another player on the court. 3 words added, 2 removed. 7 more rulebooks with the same words: - 15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - 13 October 2007, American three-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - **2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. > [- 4.) -] [+ 4) +] A ball that obviously did not have the velocity or direction to hit the front wall strikes an opponent. 1 word added, 1 removed. 3 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. > [- 4.) -] [+ 4) +] A ball that obviously did not have the velocity or direction to [- be returned legally (See Rule 4.4 C) strikes another player on -] [+ hit +] the [- court. -] [+ front wall strikes an opponent. +] 7 words added, 13 removed. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > [- 4.) -] [+ 4) +] A ball that obviously did not have the velocity or direction to hit the front wall strikes an opponent. 1 word added, 1 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - **27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > [- 4) -] [+ 4.) +] A ball that obviously did not have the velocity or direction to [- hit the front wall -] [+ be returned legally (See Rule 4.4 C) +] strikes [- an opponent. -] [+ another player on the court. +] 13 words added, 7 removed. 19 more rulebooks with the same words: - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. ### Rule 4.6, item 5 Begins: “5.) In doubles, a ball struck by one player…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 5.) In doubles, a ball struck by one player hits that player's partner. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 4) In doubles, a ball struck by one player hits that player's partner. 8 more rulebooks with the same words: - 31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. - 31 January 1999, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Moved (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > [- 4) -] [+ 5.) +] In doubles, a ball struck by one player hits that player's partner. 1 word added, 1 removed. 7 more rulebooks with the same words: - 15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - 13 October 2007, American three-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - **2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. > [- 5.) -] [+ 5) +] In doubles, a ball struck by one player hits that [- player's -] [+ player’s +] partner. 2 words added, 2 removed. 3 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. > [- 5.) -] [+ 5) +] In doubles, a ball struck by one player hits that [- player's -] [+ player’s +] partner. 2 words added, 2 removed. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > [- 5.) -] [+ 5) +] In doubles, a ball struck by one player hits that [- player's -] [+ player’s +] partner. 2 words added, 2 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - **27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > [- 5) -] [+ 5.) +] In doubles, a ball struck by one player hits that player’s partner. 1 word added, 1 removed. 19 more rulebooks with the same words: - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. ### Rule 4.6, item 6 Begins: “6.) Committing an avoidable hinder (See Rule 4.8).” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 6.) Committing an avoidable hinder (See Rule 4.8). - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > 5) Committing an avoidable hinder (See Rule 4.8). 8 more rulebooks with the same words: - 31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. - 31 January 1999, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > [- 5) -] [+ 6.) +] Committing an avoidable hinder [- (See -] [+ ( See +] Rule [- 4.8). -] [+ 4.9 ). +] 5 words added, 3 removed. 7 more rulebooks with the same words: - 15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - 13 October 2007, American three-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - **2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. > [- 6.) -] [+ 6) +] Committing an avoidable hinder (See Rule 4.8). 1 word added, 1 removed. 3 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. > [- 6.) -] [+ 6) +] Committing an avoidable hinder [- ( See -] [+ (See +] Rule [- 4.9 ). -] [+ 4.8). +] 3 words added, 5 removed. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > [- 6.) -] [+ 6) +] Committing an avoidable hinder (See Rule 4.8). 1 word added, 1 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - **27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > [- 6) -] [+ 6.) +] Committing an avoidable hinder [- (See -] [+ ( See +] Rule [- 4.8). -] [+ 4.9 ). +] 5 words added, 3 removed. 19 more rulebooks with the same words: - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. ### Rule 4.6, item A Begins: “A. One hand. Only the front or back of…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > A. One hand. > Only the front or back of one hand may be used at any one time to return the ball. > Using two hands together or any portion of the body other than the hand to hit a ball is an out. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > A. One hand. Only the front or back of one hand may be used at any one time to return the ball. Using two hands together or any portion of the body other than the hand to hit a ball is an out. - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > A. One hand. [- > -] Only the front or back of one hand may be used at any one time to return the ball. [- > -] Using two hands together or any portion of the body other than the hand to hit a ball is an out. no words changed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > A. One hand. [- > -] Only the front or back of one hand may be used at any one time to return the ball. [- > -] Using two hands together or any portion of the body other than the hand to hit a ball is an out. no words changed. 38 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - 1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. - 15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - 13 October 2007, American three-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - 2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - 6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. - 6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - 27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - **26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with American four-wall, 17 January 2024. > A. One hand. Only the front or back of one hand may be used at any one time to [- return -] [+ strike +] the ball. [- Using -] [+ A player, using +] two hands together [- or any portion of the body -] [+ in contact with each +] other [- than -] [+ when +] the [- hand to hit a -] ball [+ is struck +] is an out. 11 words added, 13 removed. - **26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. > A. One hand. Only the front or back of one hand may be used at any one time to [- return -] [+ strike +] the ball. [- Using -] [+ A player, using +] two hands together [- or any portion of the body -] [+ in contact with each +] other [- than -] [+ when +] the [- hand to hit a -] ball [+ is struck +] is an out. 11 words added, 13 removed. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - **26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. > A. One hand. Only the front or back of one hand may be used at any one time to strike the ball. [+ > +] A player, [+ > +] using two hands together [+ > +] in contact with each other when the ball is struck [+ > +] is an out. no words changed. - **26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > A. One hand. Only the front or back of one hand may be used at any one time to [- return -] [+ strike +] the ball. [- Using -] [+ A player, using +] two hands together [- or any portion of the body -] [+ in contact with each +] other [- than -] [+ when +] the [- hand to hit a -] ball [+ is struck +] is an out. 11 words added, 13 removed. ### Rule 4.6, item B Begins: “B. Wrist ball. The use of any other part…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > B. Wrist ball. > The use of any other part of the body to return the ball, including the wrist or arm above the player's hand, is a violation, even though the wrist or arm may be covered by a glove. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > B. Wrist ball. The use of any other part of the body to return the ball, including the wrist or arm above the player's hand, is a violation, even though the wrist or arm may be covered by a glove. - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > B. Wrist ball. [- > -] The use of any other part of the body to return the ball, including the wrist or arm above the player's hand, is a violation, even though the wrist or arm may be covered by a glove. no words changed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > B. Wrist ball. [- > -] The use of any other part of the body to return the ball, including the wrist or arm above the player's hand, is a violation, even though the wrist or arm may be covered by a glove. no words changed. 14 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - 1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. - 15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - 13 October 2007, American three-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - **2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. > B. Wrist ball. The use of any other part of the body to return the ball, including the wrist or arm above the [- player's -] [+ player’s +] hand, is a violation, even though the wrist or arm may be covered by a glove. 1 word added, 1 removed. 3 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. > B. Wrist ball. The use of any other part of the body to return the ball, including the wrist or arm above the [- player's -] [+ player’s +] hand, is a violation, even though the wrist or arm may be covered by a glove. 1 word added, 1 removed. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > B. Wrist ball. The use of any other part of the body to return the ball, including the wrist or arm above the [- player's -] [+ player’s +] hand, is a violation, even though the wrist or arm may be covered by a glove. 1 word added, 1 removed. 24 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - 27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. ### Rule 4.6, item C Begins: “C. One touch. In attempting returns, the ball may…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > C. One touch. > In attempting returns, the ball may be touched only once by one player. > In doubles, both partners may swing at the ball, but only one may actually hit it. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > C. One touch. In attempting returns, the ball may be touched only once by one player. In doubles, both partners may swing at the ball, but only one may actually hit it. - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > C. One touch. [- > -] In attempting returns, the ball may be touched only once by one player. [- > -] In doubles, both partners may swing at the ball, but only one may actually hit it. no words changed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > C. One touch. [- > -] In attempting returns, the ball may be touched only once by one player. [- > -] In doubles, both partners may swing at the ball, but only one may actually hit it. no words changed. 38 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - 1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. - 15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - 13 October 2007, American three-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - 2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - 6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. - 6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - 27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - **26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with American four-wall, 17 January 2024. > C. One touch. In attempting returns, the ball may be touched only once by one player. In doubles, both partners may swing at the ball, but only one may actually [- hit -] [+ strike +] it. [+ (see Rule 4.6.Rally A.). +] 5 words added, 1 removed. - **26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. > C. One touch. In attempting returns, the ball may be touched only once by one player. In doubles, both partners may swing at the ball, but only one may actually [- hit -] [+ strike +] it. [+ (see Rule 4.6.Rally A.). +] 5 words added, 1 removed. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - **26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. > C. One touch. In attempting returns, the ball may be touched only once by one player. In doubles, both partners may swing at the ball, but only one may actually [+ > +] strike [+ > +] it. [+ > +] (see Rule 4.6.Rally A.). no words changed. - **26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > C. One touch. In attempting returns, the ball may be touched only once by one player. In doubles, both partners may swing at the ball, but only one may actually [- hit -] [+ strike +] it. [+ (see Rule 4.6.Rally A.). +] 5 words added, 1 removed. ### Rule 4.6, item D Begins: “D. Failure to return. Any of the following constitutes…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > D. Failure to return. > Any of the following constitutes a failure to make a legal return during the rally: - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > D. Failure to return. Any of the following constitutes a failure to make a legal return during the rally: - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > D. Failure to return. [- > -] Any of the following constitutes a failure to make a legal return during the rally: no words changed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > D. Failure to return. [- > -] Any of the following constitutes a failure to make a legal return during the rally: no words changed. 44 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - 1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. - 15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - 13 October 2007, American three-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - 2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - 6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. - 6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - 27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. ### Rule 4.6, item E Begins: “E. Effect of failure to return. Each violation results…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > E. Effect of failure to return. > Each violation results in an out or point. > Any violation not detected by the referee must be called by the offending player. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > E. Effect of failure to return. Each violation results in an out or point. Any violation not detected by the referee must be called by the offending player. - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > E. Effect of failure to return. [- > -] Each violation results in an out or point. [- > -] Any violation not detected by the referee must be called by the offending player. no words changed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > E. Effect of failure to return. [- > -] Each violation results in an out or point. [- > -] Any violation not detected by the referee must be called by the offending player. no words changed. 6 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > E. Effect of failure to return. Each violation results in an out or point. Any violation not detected by the referee must be called by the offending [- player. -] [+ player (See Rule 3.5.A). +] 4 words added, 1 removed. - **15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > E. Effect of failure to return. Each violation results in an out or point. Any violation not detected by the referee must be called by the offending [- player. -] [+ player (See Rule 3.5.A). +] 4 words added, 1 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - **13 October 2007, American three-wall**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > E. Effect of failure to return. Each violation results in an out or point. Any violation not detected by the referee must be called by the offending [- player. -] [+ player (See Rule 3.5.A). +] 4 words added, 1 removed. 6 more rulebooks with the same words: - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - 2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - 6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > E. Effect of failure to return. Each violation results in an out or point. Any violation not detected by the referee must be called by the offending [- player. -] [+ player (See Rule 3.5.A). +] 4 words added, 1 removed. 24 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - 27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. ### Rule 4.6, item F Begins: “F. Return attempts.” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > F. Return attempts. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > F. Return attempts. 46 more rulebooks with the same words: - 31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. - 31 January 1999, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - 1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. - 15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - 13 October 2007, American three-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - 2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - 6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. - 6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - 27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. ### Rule 4.6, item G Begins: “G. Touching the ball. Except as provided in Rule…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > G. Touching the ball. > Except as provided in Rule 4.7 A.2, any touching of a ball before it touches the floor the second time by a player other than the one making a return is a point or out against the offending player. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > G. Touching the ball. Except as provided in Rule 4.7A2, any touching of a ball before it touches the floor the second time by a player other than the one making a return is a point or out against the offending player. - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > G. Touching the ball. [- > -] Except as provided in Rule 4.7 A.2, any touching of a ball before it touches the floor the second time by a player other than the one making a return is a point or out against the offending player. no words changed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > G. Touching the ball. [- > -] Except as provided in Rule 4.7 A.2, any touching of a ball before it touches the floor the second time by a player other than the one making a return is a point or out against the offending player. no words changed. 6 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > G. Touching the ball. Except as provided in Rule [- 4.7A2, -] [+ 4.7 A.2 , +] any touching of a ball before it touches the floor the second time by a player other than the one making a return is a point or out against the offending player. 3 words added, 1 removed. - **15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > G. Touching the ball. Except as provided in Rule [- 4.7 A.2, -] [+ 4.7.A.2, +] any touching of a ball before it touches the floor the second time by a player other than the one making a return is a point or out against the offending player. 1 word added, 2 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - **13 October 2007, American three-wall**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > G. Touching the ball. Except as provided in Rule [- 4.7 A.2, -] [+ 4.7.A.2, +] any touching of a ball before it touches the floor the second time by a player other than the one making a return is a point or out against the offending player. 1 word added, 2 removed. 5 more rulebooks with the same words: - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - 2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. > G. Touching the ball. Except as provided in Rule [- 4.7 A.2 , -] [+ 4.7.A.2, +] any touching of a ball before it touches the floor the second time by a player other than the one making a return is a point or out against the offending player. 1 word added, 3 removed. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > G. Touching the ball. Except as provided in Rule [- 4.7 A.2, -] [+ 4.7.A.2, +] any touching of a ball before it touches the floor the second time by a player other than the one making a return is a point or out against the offending player. 1 word added, 2 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - **27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > G. Touching the ball. Except as provided in Rule [- 4.7.A.2, -] [+ 4.7 A.2 , +] any touching of a ball before it touches the floor the second time by a player other than the one making a return is a point or out against the offending player. 3 words added, 1 removed. 19 more rulebooks with the same words: - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. ### Rule 4.6, item H Begins: “H. Out-of-court ball. Any ball returned to the front…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > H. Out-of-court ball. > Any ball returned to the front wall that on the rebound or on the first bounce goes into the gallery or through any opening in a side wall is declared dead and the serve replayed. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > H. Out ball. Any ball in play, after the service, striking outside the side lines or past the long line, is an out or point. During tournament play, the players must not catch balls that they assume to be out. Referee will award an out or point. - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > H. Out-of-court ball. [- > -] Any ball returned to the front wall that on the rebound or on the first bounce goes into the gallery or through any opening in a side wall is declared dead and the serve replayed. no words changed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > H. Out-of-court ball. [- > -] Any ball returned to the front wall that on the rebound or on the first bounce goes into the gallery or through any opening in a side wall is declared dead and the serve replayed. no words changed. 39 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - 2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - 6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - 27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. ### Rule 4.6, item J Begins: “J. Broken ball. If there is any suspicion that…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > J. Broken ball. > If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. > The referee or any player may request that the ball be examined. > If the referee decides the ball is broken, anew ball must be put into play and the point replayed. > Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally stands. (See Interpretation No. 8). - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > J. Broken ball. If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. The referee or any player may request that the ball be examined. If the referee decides the ball is broken, a new ball must be put into play and the point replayed. Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally stands (See Interpretation No. 8). - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > J. Broken ball. [- > -] If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. [- > -] The referee or any player may request that the ball be examined. [- > -] If the referee decides the ball is broken, [- anew -] [+ a new +] ball must be put into play and the point replayed. [- > -] Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally stands. (See Interpretation No. 8). 2 words added, 1 removed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > J. Broken ball. [- > -] If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. [- > -] The referee or any player may request that the ball be examined. [- > -] If the referee decides the ball is broken, [- anew -] [+ a new +] ball must be put into play and the point replayed. [- > -] Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally stands. (See Interpretation No. 8). 2 words added, 1 removed. 6 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > J. Broken ball. If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. [- The referee -] [+ An official +] or any player may request that the ball be [- examined. -] [+ examined by the referee. +] If the referee decides the ball is broken, [- a new -] [+ an approved +] ball must be put into play and the point replayed. Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally [- stands (See Interpretation No. 8). -] [+ stands. +] 9 words added, 10 removed. - **15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > J. Broken ball. If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. [- The referee -] [+ An official +] or any player may request that the ball be [- examined. -] [+ examined by the referee. +] If the referee decides the ball is broken, [- a new -] [+ an approved +] ball must be put into play and the point replayed. Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally stands. [- (See Interpretation No. 8). -] 8 words added, 9 removed. - **June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 16 January 2005. > J. Broken ball. If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. An official or any player may request that the ball be examined by the referee. If the referee decides the ball is broken, an approved ball must be put into play and the point replayed. Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally stands. [+ (See Rule 4.3.A.2) +] 3 words added. - **June 2006, American one-wall, small ball**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. > J. Broken ball. If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. An official or any player may request that the ball be examined by the referee. If the referee decides the ball is broken, an approved ball must be put into play and the point replayed. Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally stands. [+ (See Rule 4.3.A.2) +] 3 words added. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - **13 October 2007, American three-wall**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > J. Broken ball. If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. [- The referee -] [+ An official +] or any player may request that the ball be [- examined. -] [+ examined by the referee. +] If the referee decides the ball is broken, [- a new -] [+ an approved +] ball must be put into play and the point replayed. Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally stands. [- (See Interpretation No. 8). -] 8 words added, 9 removed. 5 more rulebooks with the same words: - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - 2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. > J. Broken ball. If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. An official or any player may request that the ball be examined by the referee. If the referee decides the ball is broken, an approved ball must be put into play and the point replayed. Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally stands. [+ (See Rule 4.3.A.2) +] 3 words added. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > J. Broken ball. If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. [- The referee -] [+ An official +] or any player may request that the ball be [- examined. -] [+ examined by the referee. +] If the referee decides the ball is broken, [- a new -] [+ an approved +] ball must be put into play and the point replayed. Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally stands. (See [- Interpretation No. 8). -] [+ Rule 4.3.A.2) +] 10 words added, 8 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - **27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > J. Broken ball. If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. An official or any player may request that the ball be examined by the referee. If the referee decides the ball is broken, an approved ball must be put into play and the point replayed. Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally stands. [- (See Rule 4.3.A.2) -] 3 words removed. 9 more rulebooks with the same words: - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - **23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, December 2021. > J. Broken ball. If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. An official or any player may request that the ball be examined by the referee. If the referee decides the ball is broken, an approved ball must be put into play and the point replayed. Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally stands. (See Rule [- 4.3.A.2) -] [+ 4.3.A.2). +] 1 word added, 1 removed. 8 more rulebooks with the same words: - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - **26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > J. Broken ball. If there is any suspicion that a ball has broken on the serve or during a rally, play continues until the end of the rally. An official or any player may request that the ball be examined by the referee. If the referee decides the ball is broken, an approved ball must be put into play and the point replayed. Once a succeeding serve is attempted, the previous rally stands. (See Rule [- 4.3.A.2) -] [+ 4.3.A.2). +] 1 word added, 1 removed. ### Rule 4.6, item K Begins: “K. Play stoppage. If a foreign object enters the…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > K. Play stoppage. > If a foreign object enters the court, or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. > However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed (See Rule 4.8 H), (See Interpretation No. 9). - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > K. Play stoppage. If a foreign object enters the court, or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed (See Rule 4.8H), (See Interpretation No. 9). - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > K. Play stoppage. [- > -] If a foreign object enters the court, or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. [- > -] However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed (See Rule 4.8 H), (See Interpretation No. 9). no words changed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > K. Play stoppage. [- > -] If a foreign object enters the court, or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. [- > -] However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed (See Rule 4.8 H), (See Interpretation No. 9). no words changed. - **2000, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. > K. Play stoppage. If a foreign object enters the court, or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed (See Rule [- 4.8H), -] [+ 4.8H); +] (See Interpretation No. 9). 1 word added, 1 removed. 5 more rulebooks with the same words: - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > K. Play stoppage. If a foreign object enters the court, or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if [+ > +] it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. [+ > +] However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed [- (See -] [+ ( See +] Rule [- 4.8H); (See Interpretation No. 9). -] [+ 4.9 H). +] 4 words added, 6 removed. - **15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > K. Play stoppage. If a foreign object enters the court, or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed (See Rule [- 4.8 H), (See Interpretation No. 9). -] [+ 4.8.H). +] 1 word added, 6 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). - June 2006, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - **13 October 2007, American three-wall**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999. > K. Play stoppage. If a foreign object enters the court, or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed (See Rule [- 4.8 H), (See Interpretation No. 9). -] [+ 4.8.H). +] 1 word added, 6 removed. - **June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. > K. Play stoppage. If a foreign object enters the [- court, -] [+ court +] or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if [- > -] it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. [- > -] However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed ( See Rule 4.9 H). 1 word added, 1 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. > K. Play stoppage. If a foreign object enters the [- court -] [+ court, +] or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed [- ( See -] [+ (See +] Rule [- 4.9 H). -] [+ 4.8.H). +] 3 words added, 5 removed. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > K. Play stoppage. If a foreign object enters the court, or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed (See Rule [- 4.8 H), (See Interpretation No. 9). -] [+ 4.8.H). +] 1 word added, 6 removed. 4 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - **27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > K. Play stoppage. If a foreign object enters the [- court, -] [+ court +] or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed [- (See -] [+ ( See +] Rule [- 4.8.H). -] [+ 4.9 H). +] 5 words added, 3 removed. 7 more rulebooks with the same words: - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - **22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (automatic). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. > K. Play stoppage. If a foreign object enters the court or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed [- ( See -] [+ (See +] Rule [- 4.9 H). -] [+ 4.8.H). +] 2 words added, 4 removed. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - **23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, December 2021. > K. Play stoppage. [+ > 1) Foreign Object. +] If a foreign object enters the court, or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed (See Rule 4.8.H). 3 words added. - **23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Punctuation only (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. > K. Play stoppage. [+ > 1) Foreign Object. +] If a foreign object enters the court or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed (See Rule 4.8.H). 3 words added. 7 more rulebooks with the same words: - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - **26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. > K. Play stoppage. [+ > 1) Foreign Object. +] If a foreign object enters the court, or any other outside interference occurs, or if a player loses a shoe or other properly worn equipment, the referee shall stop the game if it interferes with the continuance of play or poses an immediate danger. However, safety permitting, one rally-ending attempt should be allowed (See Rule 4.8.H). 3 words added. ### Rule 4.6, item L Begins: “L. Replays. Whenever a rally is replayed for any…” - **20 June 1990, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > L. Replays. > Whenever a rally is replayed for any reason, the server is awarded two serves. > A previous fault is voided. - **14 October 1994, USHA One-Wall Rules**: First recorded (automatic). > L. Replays. Whenever a rally is replayed for any reason, any previous fault is voided, and the server gets up with no faults. - **31 January 1999, USHA Four-Wall Rules**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > L. Replays. [- > -] Whenever a rally is replayed for any reason, the server is awarded two serves. [- > -] A previous fault is voided. no words changed. - **31 January 1999, American four-wall**: Unchanged (automatic). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. > L. Replays. [- > -] Whenever a rally is replayed for any reason, the server is awarded two serves. [- > -] A previous fault is voided. no words changed. 6 more rulebooks with the same words: - 2000, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. - 9 March 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 7 October 2001, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 8 April 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 20 August 2002, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 19 January 2005, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **1 April 2005, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Reworded (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. > L. Replays. Whenever a rally is replayed for any reason, [- any -] [+ the server is awarded two serves. A +] previous fault is [- voided, and the server gets up with no faults. -] [+ voided. +] 8 words added, 10 removed. - 15 April 2005, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - **June 2006, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 16 January 2005. > L. Replays. Whenever a rally is replayed for any reason, the server is awarded two serves. [- A -] [+ All +] previous [- fault is -] [+ defective serves are +] voided. 4 words added, 3 removed. - **June 2006, American one-wall, small ball**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. > L. Replays. Whenever a rally is replayed for any reason, the server is awarded two serves. [- A -] [+ All +] previous [- fault is -] [+ defective serves are +] voided. 4 words added, 3 removed. - **June 2006, USHA One-Wall Rules**: Changed (machine-reviewed). Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. > L. Replays. Whenever a rally is replayed for any reason, the server is awarded two serves. [- A -] [+ All +] previous [- fault is -] [+ defective serves are +] voided. 4 words added, 3 removed. 8 more rulebooks with the same words: - May 2007, USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006. - 13 October 2007, American three-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. - June 2008, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. - 2012, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. - 2014, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - January 2014, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. - 6 February 2015, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. - 6 February 2015, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. - **6 February 2015, USHA Three-Wall Addendum**: Reworded (automatic). Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004. > L. Replays. Whenever a rally is replayed for any reason, the server is awarded two serves. [- A -] [+ All +] previous [- fault is -] [+ defective serves are +] voided. 4 words added, 3 removed. 24 more rulebooks with the same words: - 22 January 2017, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA One-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 22 January 2017, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. - 27 January 2019, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. - 27 January 2019, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. - 12 July 2019, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 12 July 2019, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. - 26 January 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. - 20 September 2020, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 21 September 2020, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. - 22 January 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 22 January 2021, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. - 9 December 2021, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 23 January 2022, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 23 January 2022, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. - 27 November 2022, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 January 2024, American four-wall: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA Four-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2024, USHA One-Wall Rules: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. - 17 July 2024, American one-wall, small ball: Unchanged (automatic). - 26 January 2025, USHA Four-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA One-Wall Rulebook: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. - 26 January 2025, USHA Three-Wall Addendum: Unchanged (automatic). Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. All rules: [clause history](https://handball.theperfectship.com/rulebooks/clause-history/).