# Under Part 4, Rule 4.8 C: Interpretation No. 14 (USHA Four-Wall Rules, 31 January 1999, historical)

> **Historical rulebook: not the current rules.** The current rules are here: https://handball.theperfectship.com/rules/four-wall/

USHA rules text used with permission of the U.S. Handball Association (ushandball.org); credit: U.S. Handball Association. Source: https://www.ushandball.org/

This avoidable hinder may occur almost anywhere on the court, but it usually happens in two particular areas:

1. A player is hitting a back-wall shot and, just as he hits the ball, his opponent moves into the path of the ball and is struck by it. This is avoidable. In this case, the referee must use his judgment and not call an avoidable if he feels the ball was "miss-hit" and that the defensive player was moving into a non-hindering position in which he would not have been hit if the ball had been hit truly.

2. A player has an offensive setup and his opponent is trapped close to a side wall. In his effort to get into a more favorable position, the defensive player moves into the path of the ball and is hit. This is avoidable.

## Mentioned here

- [Player](https://handball.theperfectship.com/player.md)
- [Opponent](https://handball.theperfectship.com/opponent.md)
- [Referee](https://handball.theperfectship.com/match-referee.md)
- [Hinder](https://handball.theperfectship.com/hinder.md)
- [Avoidable hinder](https://handball.theperfectship.com/avoidable-hinder.md)
- [Court](https://handball.theperfectship.com/court.md)
- [Side wall](https://handball.theperfectship.com/side-wall.md)
- [Ball](https://handball.theperfectship.com/ball.md)
- [Wall](https://handball.theperfectship.com/wall.md)

## Relationships

- Player relates to Opponent: mentioned together in 19 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Referee: mentioned together in 32 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Hinder: mentioned together in 18 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Court: mentioned together in 17 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Ball: mentioned together in 30 sub-rules.
- Opponent relates to Hinder: mentioned together in 11 sub-rules.
- Opponent relates to Ball: mentioned together in 18 sub-rules.
- Referee relates to Ball: mentioned together in 21 sub-rules.
- Hinder relates to Ball: mentioned together in 19 sub-rules.
- Ball relates to Wall: mentioned together in 12 sub-rules.
- No link to the other terms shown: Avoidable hinder, Side wall.
- 26 weaker links (terms mentioned together in few sub-rules) are not drawn.

Rulebook: [USHA Four-Wall Rules, 31 January 1999](https://handball.theperfectship.com/rulebooks/usha-fourwall-1999-01-31.md)

Source: The Official USHA Handball Rules, 1999 (Wayback capture 20000914195049 of cohandball.com). USHA rules text, used with the USHA's written permission (letter not yet filed).