# Rule 4.8 Avoidable Hinders (USHA One-Wall Rules, March 2001, historical)

> **Historical rulebook: not the current rules.** The current rules are here: https://handball.theperfectship.com/rules/one-wall/

USHA rules text used with permission of the U.S. Handball Association (ushandball.org); credit: U.S. Handball Association. Source: https://www.ushandball.org/

An avoidable hinder results in an out or a point, depending on whether the offending side was serving or receiving. Player intent has no bearing on an avoidable call. An avoidable hinder should be called only when a hinder could have been avoided with reasonable effort. A player moving as late as possible to avoid getting hit by the ball is not creating an avoidable hinder (See Rule 4.7B1). Avoidable hinders, which should not be confused with "legal" hinders

(See Rule 4.7B1) are called when:

## A. Failure to move

A player does not move sufficiently to allow his opponent his shot

(See Interpretation No. 12).

## B. Blocking

A player moves into a position that effects a block or crowds his opponent about to return the ball; or, in doubles, one partner creates a hinder, by moving in front of an opponent as his partner is returning the ball

(See Interpretation No. 13).

## C. Moving into ball

A player moves into the path of and is struck by the ball just played by his opponent.

(See Interpretation No. 14).

## D. Pushing

A player forcibly pushes an opponent during a rally.

(See Interpretation No. 15).

## E. View obstruction

Moving across an opponent's line of vision just before he strikes the ball

(See Interpretation No. 16).

## F. Distraction

Any avoidable distraction or intimidation that would interfere with the offensive player or team

(See Interpretation No. 17).

## G. Stroke interference

A player moves into position that would not allow the opponent to use a normal stroke. This especially applies to a player moving in too close and being hit by or restricting the follow-through of the player hitting the ball

(See Interpretation No. 18).

## H. Improper equipment

The loss of any improperly worn equipment, or equipment not required on court, that interferes with the play or the safety of the players (See Interpretation No. 19).

## Mentioned here

- [Player](https://handball.theperfectship.com/player.md)
- [Partner](https://handball.theperfectship.com/partner.md)
- [Opponent](https://handball.theperfectship.com/opponent.md)
- [Rally](https://handball.theperfectship.com/rally.md)
- [Hinder](https://handball.theperfectship.com/hinder.md)
- [Avoidable hinder](https://handball.theperfectship.com/avoidable-hinder.md)
- [Court](https://handball.theperfectship.com/court.md)
- [Ball](https://handball.theperfectship.com/ball.md)
- [Point](https://handball.theperfectship.com/point.md)
- [Doubles](https://handball.theperfectship.com/doubles.md)

How this rule changed: [wording in every rulebook](https://handball.theperfectship.com/rulebooks/clause-history/code-onewall-smallball/4-8.md)

## Relationships

- Player relates to Opponent: mentioned together in 13 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Rally: mentioned together in 8 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Hinder: mentioned together in 12 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Court: mentioned together in 12 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Ball: mentioned together in 21 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Point: mentioned together in 11 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Doubles: mentioned together in 10 sub-rules.
- Partner relates to Ball: mentioned together in 9 sub-rules.
- Opponent relates to Ball: mentioned together in 11 sub-rules.
- Hinder relates to Ball: mentioned together in 14 sub-rules.
- Ball relates to Point: mentioned together in 11 sub-rules.
- No link to the other terms shown: Avoidable hinder.
- 28 weaker links (terms mentioned together in few sub-rules) are not drawn.

Rulebook: [USHA One-Wall Rules, March 2001](https://handball.theperfectship.com/rulebooks/usha-onewall-2001-03.md)

Source: The New and Official United States Handball Association One-Wall Rules With Interpretations 2000 (Wayback capture 20010309221200 of ushandball.org). USHA rules text, used with the USHA's written permission (letter not yet filed).