# Rule 4.9 Technicals (USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006, historical)

> **Historical rulebook: not the current rules.** The current rules are here: https://handball.theperfectship.com/rules/one-wall/

USHA rules text used with permission of the U.S. Handball Association (ushandball.org); credit: U.S. Handball Association. Source: https://www.ushandball.org/

A tec hnical is assessed for unsportsmanlike-like conduct or for improperly wearing eye protection. If a referee issues a technical, one point shall be deducted from the offender's score. The technical has no effect on service changes or side outs. If the technical occurs between games or when the offender has no points, the result will be that the offender's score will be a negative one. Three technicals in a match, or two for eye protection infractions, on a singles player or a doubles team will result in a forfeiture.

## A. Types

Some examples of actions that may result in technicals are:

1.) Too frequent complaints made against the referee's judgment.

2.) Abuse of appeal privileges.

3.) Profanity.

4.) Excessive arguing.

5.) Threat of any nature to opponent or referee.

6.) Excessive or hard striking, throwing or kicking of ball between rallies.

> Part 4, Rule 4.9 A (6): Interpretation No. 22
>
> If the opponent is hit or narrowly missed by the ball, a technical should be called. On the other hand, if it is the first offense, and the opponent was in no danger of being hit, a technical warning should be issued.
>
> 7.) Failure to wear eye protection properly.
>
> 8.) Protests lost after all timeouts have been used.
>
> 9.) Anything considered to be unsportsman-like behavior.

## B. Warnings

If a player's behavior is not so severe as to warrant a technical, a technical warning may be issued without a point deduction and should be accompanied by a brief explanation of the reason for a warning. A technical warning may precede the penalty of a technical but is not necessary.

## Mentioned here

- [Player](https://handball.theperfectship.com/player.md)
- [Opponent](https://handball.theperfectship.com/opponent.md)
- [Referee](https://handball.theperfectship.com/match-referee.md)
- [Rally](https://handball.theperfectship.com/rally.md)
- [Change of serve (side-out)](https://handball.theperfectship.com/change-of-serve.md)
- [Time-out](https://handball.theperfectship.com/time-out.md)
- [Technical](https://handball.theperfectship.com/technical.md)
- [Warning](https://handball.theperfectship.com/warning.md)
- [Appeal](https://handball.theperfectship.com/appeal.md)
- [Ball](https://handball.theperfectship.com/ball.md)
- [Eye protection](https://handball.theperfectship.com/eye-protection.md)
- [Point](https://handball.theperfectship.com/point.md)
- [Game, match, tiebreaker](https://handball.theperfectship.com/game.md)
- [Singles](https://handball.theperfectship.com/singles.md)
- [Doubles](https://handball.theperfectship.com/doubles.md)

How this rule changed: [wording in every rulebook](https://handball.theperfectship.com/rulebooks/clause-history/code-onewall-smallball/4-9.md)

## Relationships

- Player relates to Opponent: mentioned together in 16 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Referee: mentioned together in 31 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Rally: mentioned together in 10 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Ball: mentioned together in 28 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Point: mentioned together in 13 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Game, match, tiebreaker: mentioned together in 10 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Doubles: mentioned together in 15 sub-rules.
- Opponent relates to Referee: mentioned together in 11 sub-rules.
- Opponent relates to Ball: mentioned together in 15 sub-rules.
- Referee relates to Ball: mentioned together in 19 sub-rules.
- Referee relates to Game, match, tiebreaker: mentioned together in 9 sub-rules.
- Rally relates to Ball: mentioned together in 10 sub-rules.
- Ball relates to Point: mentioned together in 10 sub-rules.
- Ball relates to Doubles: mentioned together in 9 sub-rules.
- Singles relates to Doubles: mentioned together in 9 sub-rules.
- No link to the other terms shown: Appeal, Technical, Time-out, Warning, Eye protection.
- 51 weaker links (terms mentioned together in few sub-rules) are not drawn.
- 1 more term is mentioned but not drawn (the best linked 14 are shown).

Rulebook: [USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006](https://handball.theperfectship.com/rulebooks/usha-onewall-2006-06.md)

Source: Official USHA One-Wall Handball Rules (2005 rules with the June 2006 Board changes incorporated) (Wayback capture 20070904225427 of ushandball.org). USHA rules text, used with the USHA's written permission (letter not yet filed).