Clause history · American four-wall
Rule 4.9 Technicals: how the wording changed
8 rulebooks state this rule, from 22 January 2021 to 26 January 2025. The wording was reworded or changed 1 time.
How to read this page
- Added words are underlined and sit inside [+ +].
Removed wordsare struck through and sit inside [- -].- Each rulebook says in words what kind of change it is: unchanged (same wording as the rulebook it was compared with); punctuation only (only punctuation, spacing or capitals differ); moved (same wording, in another place or under another number); reworded (the sense is the same, said in other words); changed (the rule now says something different).
- A program matched each clause with the one before it. Automatic matches were made by the program alone; machine-reviewed ones were also checked by a second program. A person has not checked either, so a wrong match is possible.
Rulebook by rulebook
The table has one row per rulebook; each date jumps to its wording below.
| Date | Rulebook | Clauses, by kind of change |
|---|---|---|
| 22 January 2021 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021 | 1 first recorded |
| 9 December 2021 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, December 2021 | 1 unchanged |
| 23 January 2022 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022 | 1 reworded |
| 27 November 2022 | American four-wall, 27 November 2022 | 1 unchanged |
| 17 January 2024 | American four-wall, 17 January 2024 | 1 unchanged |
| 26 January 2024 | USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024 | 1 unchanged |
| 26 January 2025 | USHA Four-Wall Rulebook, 26 January 2025 | 1 unchanged |
| 26 January 2025 | USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 26 January 2025 | 1 unchanged |
The wording
Each part of the rule is followed on its own, oldest rulebook first. Rulebooks of other codes that borrowed the wording appear in their place by date.
Rule 4.9, rulebook by rulebook
Begins: “C. Duplicity. If a player’s behavior is severe enough…”
22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules
C. Duplicity. If a player’s behavior is severe enough to warrant a technical, the technical may be assessed in addition to any other penalty, including an avoidable hinder.
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, December 2021.
C.
Duplicity.Multiple penalties. If a player’s behavior is severe enough to warrant a technical, the technical may be assessed in addition to any other penalty, including an avoidable hinder.2 words added, 1 removed.
5 more rulebooks with the same words
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall Unchanged automatic
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic
All rules: clause history. The family tree is at Rulebooks.