Clause history · American one-wall, small ball

Rule 3.4 Referee: how the wording changed

48 rulebooks state this rule, from 20 June 1990 to 26 January 2025. The wording was reworded or changed 45 times.

How to read this page

Added words are underlined and sit inside [+ +].
~~Removed words~~ are struck through and sit inside [- -].
Each rulebook says in words what kind of change it is: unchanged (same wording as the rulebook it was compared with); punctuation only (only punctuation, spacing or capitals differ); moved (same wording, in another place or under another number); reworded (the sense is the same, said in other words); changed (the rule now says something different).
A program matched each clause with the one before it. Automatic matches were made by the program alone; machine-reviewed ones were also checked by a second program. A person has not checked either, so a wrong match is possible.

Rulebook by rulebook

The table has one row per rulebook; each date jumps to its wording below.

Every rulebook this rule appears in, in date order, with the kinds of change found
Date	Rulebook	Clauses, by kind of change
20 June 1990	USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990	21 first recorded
14 October 1994	USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994	22 first recorded
31 January 1999	USHA Four-Wall Rules, 31 January 1999	12 unchanged, 5 punctuation only, 1 reworded, 3 changed
31 January 1999	American four-wall, 31 January 1999	12 unchanged, 5 punctuation only, 1 reworded, 3 changed
2000	USHA One-Wall Rules, 2000	17 unchanged, 1 punctuation only, 2 reworded, 2 changed
9 March 2001	USHA One-Wall Rules, March 2001	22 unchanged
7 October 2001	USHA One-Wall Rules, 7 October 2001	22 unchanged
8 April 2002	USHA One-Wall Rules, 8 April 2002	22 unchanged
20 August 2002	USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002	22 unchanged
19 January 2005	USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004	21 unchanged
1 April 2005	USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005	3 unchanged, 8 punctuation only, 5 reworded, 6 changed
15 April 2005	USHA Four-Wall Rules, 16 January 2005	17 unchanged, 1 reworded, 3 changed
June 2006	USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006	21 unchanged
June 2006	American one-wall, small ball, June 2006	22 unchanged
June 2006	USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006	22 unchanged
May 2007	USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007	21 unchanged
13 October 2007	American three-wall, 13 October 2007	17 unchanged, 2 reworded, 2 changed
June 2008	USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008	21 unchanged, 1 punctuation only
2012	USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2012	7 unchanged, 14 punctuation only
2014	USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014	21 unchanged
January 2014	USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014	21 unchanged, 1 changed
6 February 2015	USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015	19 unchanged, 1 punctuation only, 1 reworded
6 February 2015	USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015	7 unchanged, 13 punctuation only, 1 reworded
6 February 2015	USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015	3 unchanged, 13 punctuation only, 3 reworded, 2 changed
22 January 2017	USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017	20 unchanged, 1 punctuation only
22 January 2017	USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017	20 unchanged, 1 punctuation only
22 January 2017	USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017	20 unchanged, 1 punctuation only
27 January 2019	USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019	21 unchanged
27 January 2019	USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019	1 first recorded, 7 unchanged, 12 punctuation only, 2 reworded
12 July 2019	American four-wall, 12 July 2019	21 unchanged
12 July 2019	American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019	22 unchanged
26 January 2020	USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020	20 unchanged, 1 changed
26 January 2020	USHA One-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020	20 unchanged, 2 changed
20 September 2020	USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020	22 unchanged
21 September 2020	USHA Four-Wall Rules, September 2020	21 unchanged
22 January 2021	USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021	21 unchanged
22 January 2021	USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021	22 unchanged
9 December 2021	USHA Four-Wall Rules, December 2021	21 unchanged
23 January 2022	USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022	21 unchanged
23 January 2022	USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022	22 unchanged
27 November 2022	American four-wall, 27 November 2022	13 unchanged, 8 moved
17 January 2024	American four-wall, 17 January 2024	21 unchanged
26 January 2024	USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024	21 unchanged
26 January 2024	USHA One-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024	22 unchanged
17 July 2024	American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024	22 unchanged
26 January 2025	USHA Four-Wall Rulebook, 26 January 2025	21 unchanged
26 January 2025	USHA One-Wall Rulebook, 26 January 2025	22 unchanged
26 January 2025	USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 26 January 2025	12 unchanged, 8 moved, 1 reworded

The wording

Each part of the rule is followed on its own, oldest rulebook first. Rulebooks of other codes that borrowed the wording appear in their place by date.

Rule 3.4, part 1 of 23

Begins: “1.) Spectators. The referee shall have jurisdiction over the…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
1.) Spectators.
The referee shall have jurisdiction over the spectators, as well as the players, while the match is in progress.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
1) Spectators. The referee shall have jurisdiction over the spectators, as well as the players, while the match is in progress. A ball that hits an official or spectator before hitting the wall shall be judged as if it had hit an opponent (See Rule 4.7A2). If a "non-seated" spectator or official interferes with a player in his attempt to play a ball, it is a hinder. In the interest of safety, when sufficient playing area cannot be provided, the referee may call a dead-ball hinder for interference that prevents a player from having a fair chance to see or return the ball (See Rule 4.7A7).
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
1.) Spectators.
The referee shall have jurisdiction over the spectators, as well as the players, while the match is in progress. (See rule 5.6)
3 words added.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
1.) Spectators.
The referee shall have jurisdiction over the spectators, as well as the players, while the match is in progress. (See Rule 5.6)
3 words added.
2000 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994.
1) Spectators. The referee shall have jurisdiction over the spectators, as well as the players, while the match is in ~~progress.~~ progress (See Rule 5.6). A ball that hits an official or spectator before hitting the wall shall be judged as if it had hit an opponent (See Rule 4.7A2). If a "non-seated" spectator or official interferes with a player in his attempt to play a ball, it is a hinder. In the interest of safety, when sufficient playing area cannot be provided, the referee may call a dead-ball hinder for interference that prevents a player from having a fair chance to see or return the ball (See Rule 4.7A7).
4 words added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
13 more rulebooks with the same words
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- 1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. Read the rule
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~1.)~~ 1) Spectators. The referee shall have jurisdiction over the spectators, as well as the players, while the match is in progress. (See Rule 5.6)
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
1) Spectators. The referee shall have jurisdiction over the spectators, as well as the players, while the match is in progress (See Rule 5.6). A ball that hits an official or spectator before hitting the wall shall be judged as if it had hit an opponent (See Rule 4.7A2). If a ~~"non-seated"~~ “non-seated” spectator or official interferes with a player in his attempt to play a ball, it is a hinder. In the interest of safety, when sufficient playing area cannot be provided, the referee may call a dead-ball hinder for interference that prevents a player from having a fair chance to see or return the ball (See Rule 4.7A7).
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~1.)~~ 1) Spectators. The referee shall have jurisdiction over the spectators, as well as the players, while the match is in progress. (See Rule 5.6)
1 word added, 1 removed.
24 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.

Rule 3.4, part 2 of 23

Begins: “1.) Flagrant un-sportsman like conduct. Any player refuses to…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
1.) Flagrant un-sportsman like conduct.
Any player refuses to abide by the referee's decision or engages in flagrant un-sportsman like conduct.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
1) Flagrant unsportsmanlike conduct. Player refuses to abide by the referee's decision or engages in flagrant unsportsmanlike conduct.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
1.) Flagrant ~~un-sportsman like~~ unsportsman-like conduct.
Any player refuses to abide by the referee's decision or engages in flagrant ~~un-sportsman like~~ unsportsman-like conduct.
2 words added, 4 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
1.) Flagrant ~~un-sportsman like~~ unsportsman-like conduct.
Any player refuses to abide by the referee's decision or engages in flagrant ~~un-sportsman like~~ unsportsman-like conduct.
2 words added, 4 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
1) 1.) Flagrant ~~unsportsmanlike~~ unsportsmanlike-like conduct. ~~Player~~ Any player refuses to abide by the referee's decision or engages in flagrant ~~unsportsmanlike~~ unsportsmanlike-like conduct.
5 words added, 4 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~1.)~~ 1) Flagrant ~~unsportsman-like~~ unsportsmanlike conduct. Any player refuses to abide by the ~~referee's~~ referee’s decision or engages in flagrant ~~unsportsman-like~~ unsportsmanlike conduct.
4 words added, 4 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014.
1) Flagrant ~~unsportsmanlike~~ unsportsman-like conduct. Any player refuses to abide by the referee’s decision or engages in flagrant ~~unsportsmanlike~~ unsportsman-like conduct.
2 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
~~1.)~~ 1) Flagrant ~~unsportsmanlike-like~~ unsportsman-like conduct. Any player refuses to abide by the ~~referee's~~ referee’s decision or engages in flagrant ~~unsportsmanlike-like~~ unsportsman-like conduct.
4 words added, 4 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~1.)~~ 1) Flagrant unsportsman-like conduct. Any player refuses to abide by the ~~referee's~~ referee’s decision or engages in flagrant unsportsman-like conduct.
2 words added, 2 removed.
22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015.
1) Flagrant ~~unsportsman-like~~ unsportsmanlike conduct. Any player refuses to abide by the referee’s decision or engages in flagrant ~~unsportsman-like~~ unsportsmanlike conduct.
2 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
1) Flagrant ~~unsportsman-like~~ unsportsmanlike conduct. Any player refuses to abide by the referee’s decision or engages in flagrant ~~unsportsman-like~~ unsportsmanlike conduct.
2 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
1) Flagrant ~~unsportsman-like~~ unsportsmanlike conduct. Any player refuses to abide by the referee’s decision or engages in flagrant ~~unsportsman-like~~ unsportsmanlike conduct.
2 words added, 2 removed.
27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
1) 1.) Flagrant ~~unsportsmanlike~~ unsportsmanlike-like conduct. Any player refuses to abide by the referee’s decision or engages in flagrant ~~unsportsmanlike~~ unsportsmanlike-like conduct.
3 words added, 3 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
19 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.

Rule 3.4, part 3 of 23

Begins: “1.) Playability. Check on adequacy of preparation of the…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
1.) Playability.
Check on adequacy of preparation of the handball court with respect to playability.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
1) Playability. Check on adequacy of preparation of the handball court with respect to playability.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
1.) Playability.
Check on adequacy of preparation of the handball court with respect to playability.
no words changed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
1.) Playability.
Check on adequacy of preparation of the handball court with respect to playability.
no words changed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
1) 1.) Playability. Check on adequacy of preparation of the handball court with respect to playability.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~1.)~~ 1) Playability. Check on adequacy of preparation of the handball court with respect to playability.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
~~1.)~~ 1) Playability. Check on adequacy of preparation of the handball court with respect to playability.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~1.)~~ 1) Playability. Check on adequacy of preparation of the handball court with respect to playability.
1 word added, 1 removed.
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
1) 1.) Playability. Check on adequacy of preparation of the handball court with respect to playability.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
11 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
1) 2) Playability. Check on adequacy of preparation of the handball court with respect to playability.
1 word added, 1 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
1) 2) Playability. Check on adequacy of preparation of the handball court with respect to playability.
1 word added, 1 removed.

Rule 3.4, part 4 of 23

Begins: “2.) Three technicals. A player receives three technicals in…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
2.) Three technicals.
A player receives three technicals in a match.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
2) Three technicals. Side receives three technicals in a match.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
2.) Three technicals.
A player or side receives three technicals in a ~~match.~~ match, or two technicals for failure to properly wear eye protection.
13 words added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
2.) Three technicals.
A player or side receives three technicals in a ~~match.~~ match, or two technicals for failure to properly wear eye protection.
13 words added, 1 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
2) 2.) Three technicals. ~~Side~~ A player or side receives three technicals in a ~~match.~~ match, or two technicals for failure to properly wear eye protection.
16 words added, 3 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~2.)~~ 2) Three technicals. A player or side receives three technicals in a match, or two technicals for failure to properly wear eye protection.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
~~2.)~~ 2) Three technicals. A player or side receives three technicals in a match, or two technicals for failure to properly wear eye protection.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~2.)~~ 2) Three technicals. A player or side receives three technicals in a match, or two technicals for failure to properly wear eye protection.
1 word added, 1 removed.
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
2) 2.) Three technicals. A player or side receives three technicals in a match, or two technicals for failure to properly wear eye protection.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
19 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.

Rule 3.4, part 5 of 23

Begins: “2.) Equipment. Check on availability and suitability of all…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
2.) Equipment.
Check on availability and suitability of all materials necessary for the match, such as handballs, towels, score cards, pencils and a timepiece.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
2) Equipment. Check on availability and suitability of all materials necessary for the match, such as handballs, towels, scorecards, pencils and a timepiece.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
2.) Equipment.
Check on availability and suitability of all materials necessary for the match, such as handballs, towels, ~~score cards,~~ scorecards, pencils and a timepiece.
1 word added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
2.) Equipment.
Check on availability and suitability of all materials necessary for the match, such as handballs, towels, ~~score cards,~~ scorecards, pencils and a timepiece.
1 word added, 2 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
2) 2.) Equipment. Check on availability and suitability of all materials necessary for the match, such as handballs, towels, ~~scorecards,~~ scorecard, pencils and a timepiece.
2 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~2.)~~ 2) Equipment. Check on availability and suitability of all materials necessary for the match, such as handballs, towels, scorecards, pencils and a timepiece.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
~~2.)~~ 2) Equipment. Check on availability and suitability of all materials necessary for the match, such as handballs, towels, ~~scorecard,~~ scorecards, pencils and a timepiece.
2 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~2.)~~ 2) Equipment. Check on availability and suitability of all materials necessary for the match, such as handballs, towels, scorecards, pencils and a timepiece.
1 word added, 1 removed.
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
2) 2.) Equipment. Check on availability and suitability of all materials necessary for the match, such as handballs, towels, ~~scorecards,~~ scorecard, pencils and a timepiece.
2 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
11 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
2) 3) Equipment. Check on availability and suitability of all materials necessary for the match, such as handballs, towels, scorecards, pencils and a timepiece.
1 word added, 1 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
2) 3) Equipment. Check on availability and suitability of all materials necessary for the match, such as handballs, towels, scorecards, pencils and a timepiece.
1 word added, 1 removed.

Rule 3.4, part 6 of 23

Begins: “3.) Leaving the court. Any player leaves the court…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
3.) Leaving the court.
Any player leaves the court at a time not allowed by these rules without permission of the referee.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
3) Leaving the court. Player leaves the court at a time not allowed by these rules without permission of the referee.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
3.) Leaving the court.
Any player leaves the court at a time not allowed by these rules without permission of the referee.
no words changed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
3.) Leaving the court.
Any player leaves the court at a time not allowed by these rules without permission of the referee.
no words changed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
3) 3.) Leaving the court. ~~Player~~ Any player leaves the court at a time not allowed by these rules without permission of the referee.
3 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~3.)~~ 3) Leaving the court. Any player leaves the court at a time not allowed by these rules without permission of the referee.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
~~3.)~~ 3) Leaving the court. Any player leaves the court at a time not allowed by these rules without permission of the referee.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~3.)~~ 3) Leaving the court. Any player leaves the court at a time not allowed by these rules without permission of the referee.
1 word added, 1 removed.
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
3) 3.) Leaving the court. Any player leaves the court at a time not allowed by these rules without permission of the referee.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
19 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.

Rule 3.4, part 7 of 23

Begins: “3.) Assisting officials. Check readiness and provide instructions to…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
3.) Assisting officials.
Check readiness and provide instructions to assisting officials.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
3) Assisting officials. Check readiness of and provide instructions to assisting officials.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
3.) Assisting officials.
Check readiness and provide instructions to assisting officials.
no words changed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
3.) Assisting officials.
Check readiness and provide instructions to assisting officials.
no words changed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
3) 3.) Assisting officials. Check readiness of and provide instructions to assisting officials.
1 word added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~3.)~~ 3) Assisting officials. Check readiness and provide instructions to assisting officials.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
~~3.)~~ 3) Assisting officials. Check readiness and provide instructions to assisting officials.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~3.)~~ 3) Assisting officials. Check readiness and provide instructions to assisting officials.
1 word added, 1 removed.
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
3) 3.) Assisting officials. Check readiness and provide instructions to assisting officials.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
11 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
3) 4) Assisting officials. Check readiness and provide instructions to assisting officials.
1 word added, 1 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
3) 4) Assisting officials. Check readiness and provide instructions to assisting officials.
1 word added, 1 removed.

Rule 3.4, part 8 of 23

Begins: “4.) Court hinders. Explain court hinders, if any, to…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
4.) Court hinders.
Explain court hinders, if any, to players.(See Rule 4.3.A.4).
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
4) Court hinders. Explain court hinders, if any, to players (See Rule 4.7A1).
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
4.) Court hinders.
Explain court hinders, if any, to ~~players.(See~~ players. (See Rule ~~4.3.A.4).~~ 4.3.A.).
3 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
4.) Court hinders.
Explain court hinders, if any, to ~~players.(See~~ players. (See Rule ~~4.3.A.4).~~ 4.3.A.).
3 words added, 2 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
4) 4.) Court hinders. Explain court hinders, if any, to ~~players (See~~ players. ( See Rule ~~4.7A1).~~ 4.3 A and 4.7 A.1).
9 words added, 4 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~4.)~~ 4) Court hinders. Explain court hinders, if any, to players. (See Rule ~~4.3.A.).~~ 4.3.A and 4.7.A.1).
4 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
~~4.)~~ 4) Court hinders. Explain court hinders, if any, to players. ~~( See~~ (See Rule ~~4.3 A~~ 4.3.A and ~~4.7 A.1).~~ 4.7.A.1).
4 words added, 7 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~4.)~~ 4) Court hinders. Explain court hinders, if any, to players. (See Rule ~~4.3.A.).~~ 4.3.A and 4.7.A.1).
4 words added, 2 removed.
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
4) 4.) Court hinders. Explain court hinders, if any, to players. ~~(See~~ ( See Rule ~~4.3.A~~ 4.3 A and ~~4.7.A.1).~~ 4.7 A.1).
7 words added, 4 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
11 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
4) 7) Court hinders. Explain court hinders, if any, to players. (See Rule 4.3.A and 4.7.A.1).
1 word added, 1 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
4) 7) Court hinders. Explain court hinders, if any, to players. (See Rule 4.3.A and 4.7.A.1).
1 word added, 1 removed.

Rule 3.4, part 9 of 23

Begins: “4.) Failure to report.”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
4.) Failure to report.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
4) Failure to report.
Read this rule in the rulebook
8 more rulebooks with the same words
- 31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990. Read the rule
- 31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
4) 4.) Failure to report.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~4.)~~ 4) Failure to report.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
~~4.)~~ 4) Failure to report.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~4.)~~ 4) Failure to report.
1 word added, 1 removed.
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
4) 4.) Failure to report.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
19 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.

Rule 3.4, item 5

Begins: “5.) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection. Remind players…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
5.) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection.
Remind players to have an adequate supply of extra gloves and shirts.
Inspect compliance of gloves and hands with rules.
Remind players that failure to wear eye protection properly will result in a technical, and a second violation in a forfeit.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
5) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection. Remind players to have an adequate supply of extra gloves and shirts. Inspect compliance of gloves and hands with rules. Remind players that failure to wear eye protection properly will result in a technical, and a second violation in a forfeit.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
5.) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection.
Remind players to have an adequate supply of extra gloves and shirts.
Inspect compliance of gloves and hands with rules.
Remind players that failure to wear eye protection properly will result in a technical, and a second violation in a forfeit.
no words changed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
5.) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection.
Remind players to have an adequate supply of extra gloves and shirts.
Inspect compliance of gloves and hands with rules.
Remind players that failure to wear eye protection properly will result in a technical, and a second violation in a forfeit.
no words changed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
5) 5.) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection. Remind players to have an adequate supply of extra gloves and ~~shirts.~~ shirts, and access to headbands. Inspect compliance of gloves and hands with rules. Remind players that failure to wear eye protection properly will result in a technical, and a second violation in a forfeit.
6 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
5.) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection. Remind players to have an adequate supply of extra gloves and ~~shirts.~~ shirts, and access to headbands. Inspect compliance of gloves and hands with rules. Remind players that failure to wear eye protection properly will result in a technical, and a second violation in a forfeit.
5 words added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall)
Reworded automatic
Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
5.) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection. Remind players to have an adequate supply of extra gloves and ~~shirts.~~ shirts, and access to headbands. Inspect compliance of gloves and hands with rules. Remind players that failure to wear eye protection properly will result in a technical, and a second violation in a forfeit.
5 words added, 1 removed.
June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~5.)~~ 5) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection. Remind players to have an adequate supply of extra gloves and shirts, and access to headbands. Inspect compliance of gloves and hands with rules. Remind players that failure to wear eye protection properly will result in a technical, and a second violation in a forfeit.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
~~5.)~~ 5) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection. Remind players to have an adequate supply of extra gloves and shirts, and access to headbands. Inspect compliance of gloves and hands with rules. Remind players that failure to wear eye protection properly will result in a technical, and a second violation in a forfeit.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Reworded automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~5.)~~ 5) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection. Remind players to have an adequate supply of extra gloves and ~~shirts.~~ shirts, and access to headbands. Inspect compliance of gloves and hands with rules. Remind players that failure to wear eye protection properly will result in a technical, and a second violation in a forfeit.
6 words added, 2 removed.
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
5) 5.) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection. Remind players to have an adequate supply of extra gloves and shirts, and access to headbands. Inspect compliance of gloves and hands with rules. Remind players that failure to wear eye protection properly will result in a technical, and a second violation in a forfeit.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
11 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
5) 6) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection. Remind players to have an adequate supply of extra gloves and shirts, and access to headbands. Inspect compliance of gloves and hands with rules. Remind players that failure to wear eye protection properly will result in a technical, and a second violation in a forfeit.
1 word added, 1 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
5) 6) Inspect gloves, uniforms and eye protection. Remind players to have an adequate supply of extra gloves and shirts, and access to headbands. Inspect compliance of gloves and hands with rules. Remind players that failure to wear eye protection properly will result in a technical, and a second violation in a forfeit.
1 word added, 1 removed.

Rule 3.4, item 6

Begins: “6.) Start game. Introduce players, toss coin to determine…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
6.) Start game.
Introduce players, toss coin to determine order of serve and signal start of game.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
6) Start game. Introduce players, toss coin to determine order of serve and signal start of game.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
6.) Start game.
Introduce players, toss coin to determine order of serve and signal start of game.
no words changed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
6.) Start game.
Introduce players, toss coin to determine order of serve and signal start of game.
no words changed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
6) 6.) Start game. Introduce players, toss coin to determine order of serve and signal start of game.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~6.)~~ 6) Start game. Introduce players, toss coin to determine order of serve and signal start of game.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
~~6.)~~ 6) Start game. Introduce players, toss coin to determine order of serve and signal start of game.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~6.)~~ 6) Start game. Introduce players, toss coin to determine order of serve and signal start of game.
1 word added, 1 removed.
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
6) 6.) Start game. Introduce players, toss coin to determine order of serve and signal start of game.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
11 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
6) 8) Start game. Introduce players, toss coin to determine order of serve and signal start of game.
1 word added, 1 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
6) 8) Start game. Introduce players, toss coin to determine order of serve and signal start of game.
1 word added, 1 removed.

Rule 3.4, item 7

Begins: “7.) Time. The assigned referee should be present 15…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
7.) Time.
The assigned referee should be present 15 minutes before match time.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
7) Time. Be present 15 minutes before match time.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
7.) Time.
The assigned referee should be present 15 minutes before match time.
no words changed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
7.) Time.
The assigned referee should be present 15 minutes before match time.
no words changed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
7) 7.) Time. Be The assigned referee should be present 15 minutes before match time.
6 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~7.)~~ 7) Time. The assigned referee should be present 15 minutes before match time.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
~~7.)~~ 7) Time. The assigned referee should be present 15 minutes before match time.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~7.)~~ 7) Time. The assigned referee should be present 15 minutes before match time.
1 word added, 1 removed.
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
7) 7.) Time. The assigned referee should be present 15 minutes before match time.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
11 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
7) 1) Time. The assigned referee should be present 15 minutes before match time.
1 word added, 1 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
7) 1) Time. The assigned referee should be present 15 minutes before match time.
1 word added, 1 removed.

Rule 3.4, item 8

Begins: “8.) Two-minute warning. Give a two-minute warning before the…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
8.) Two-minute warning.
Give a two-minute warning before the match and before each game.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
8) Two-minute warning. Give a two-minute warning before the match and before each game.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
8.) Two-minute warning.
Give a two-minute warning before the match and before each game.
no words changed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
8.) Two-minute warning.
Give a two-minute warning before the match and before each game.
no words changed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
8) 8.) Two-minute warning. Give a two-minute warning before the match and before each game.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~8.)~~ 8) Two-minute warning. Give a two-minute warning before the match and before each game.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
~~8.)~~ 8) Two-minute warning. Give a two-minute warning before the match and before each game.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~8.)~~ 8) Two-minute warning. Give a two-minute warning before the match and before each game.
1 word added, 1 removed.
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
8) 8.) Two-minute warning. Give a two-minute warning before the match and before each game.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
11 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
8) 5) Two-minute warning. Give a two-minute warning before the match and before each game.
1 word added, 1 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Moved automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
8) 5) Two-minute warning. Give a two-minute warning before the match and before each game.
1 word added, 1 removed.

Rule 3.4, item 9

Begins: “9.) Scoring. Announce the scores before each rally (See…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
9.) Scoring.
Announce the scores before each rally (See Rule 4.1.E).
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
9) Scoring. Announce the score before each rally (See Rule 3.7).
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
9.) Scoring.
Announce the scores before each ~~rally~~ rally. (See Rule 4.1.E).
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
9.) Scoring.
Announce the scores before each ~~rally~~ rally. (See Rule 4.1.E).
1 word added, 1 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
9) 9.) Scoring. Announce the ~~score~~ scores before each ~~rally (See~~ rally. ( See Rule ~~3.7).~~ 3.8 and 4.1E).
8 words added, 5 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
~~9.)~~ 9) Scoring. Announce the scores before each rally. (See Rule ~~4.1.E).~~ 4.1.E and 3.8).
4 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
~~9.)~~ 9) Scoring. Announce the scores before each rally. ~~( See~~ (See Rule ~~3.8~~ 4.1.E and ~~4.1E).~~ 3.8).
4 words added, 5 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
~~9.)~~ 9) Scoring. Announce the scores before each rally. (See Rule ~~4.1.E).~~ 4.1.E and 3.8).
4 words added, 2 removed.
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
9) 9.) Scoring. Announce the scores before each rally. ~~(See~~ ( See Rule ~~4.1.E~~ 3.8 and ~~3.8).~~ 4.1E).
5 words added, 4 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
19 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.

Rule 3.4, item a

Begins: “a. No show. Any player for a singles match,…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
a. No show.
Any player for a singles match, or any team for a doubles match, fails to report to play.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
a) No show. Player for a singles match, or any team for a doubles match, fails to report to play.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
a. No show.
Any player for a singles match, or any team for a doubles match, fails to report to play.
no words changed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
a. No show.
Any player for a singles match, or any team for a doubles match, fails to report to play.
no words changed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
a) a. No show. ~~Player~~ Any player for a singles match, or any team for a doubles match, fails to report to play.
3 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
37 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
- 2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. Read the rule
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.

Rule 3.4, item A

Begins: “A. Pre-match duties. Before each match begins, it shall…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
A. Pre-match duties.
Before each match begins, it shall be the duty of the referee to:
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
A. Pre-match duties. Before each match begins, it shall be the duty of the referee to:
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
A. Pre-match duties.
Before each match begins, it shall be the duty of the referee to:
no words changed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
A. Pre-match duties.
Before each match begins, it shall be the duty of the referee to:
no words changed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
A. Pre-match duties. The principal official for every match shall be the referee. The referee’s authority regarding a match begins once the players are calledto the court. Before each match begins, it shall be the duty of the referee to:
24 words added.
Read this rule in the rulebook
15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
A. Pre-match duties. The principal official for every match shall be the referee. The referee’s authority regarding a match begins once the players are called to the court. Before each match begins, it shall be the duty of the referee to:
25 words added.
Read this rule in the rulebook
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall)
Changed automatic
Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
A. Pre-match duties. The principal official for every match shall be the referee. The referee’s authority regarding a match begins once the players are called to the court. Before each match begins, it shall be the duty of the referee to:
25 words added.
June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006.
A. Pre-match duties. The principal official for every match shall be the referee. The referee’s authority regarding a match begins once the players are ~~calledto~~ called to the court. Before each match begins, it shall be the duty of the referee to:
2 words added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
5 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. Read the rule
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Changed automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
A. Pre-match duties. The principal official for every match shall be the referee. The referee’s authority regarding a match begins once the players are called to the court. Before each match begins, it shall be the duty of the referee to:
25 words added.
24 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.

Rule 3.4, item b

Begins: “b. Late start penalty. The opponent shall be awarded…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
b. Late start penalty.
The opponent shall be awarded one point for each full minute of delay of game up to 10 minutes.
The match shall then be forfeited.
This applies to the start of the match, between-game timeouts, timeouts during a game and glove-change timeouts.
Players should stay within earshot of the referee to help prevent the delay-of-game penalty.
It is the obligation of the players to be ready to resume play on time even if the referee fails to give time warnings.
If the matches are on, or ahead of, schedule, the players must be in the court warming up at least 10 minutes before the assigned match time to assure a prompt start.
If running behind, the players must be dressed and ready to enter the court for a maximum 10-minute, in-court warm up.
If a player shows up less than 10 minutes before the scheduled starting time, his warm-uptime will be reduced accordingly.
The tournament chairman may permit a longer delay if circumstances warrant.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
b) Late start penalty. The opponent shall be awarded one point for each full minute of delay of game up to 10 minutes. The match shall then be forfeited. This applies to the start of the match, between-game time-outs, time-outs during a game and glove-change time-outs. Players should stay within earshot of the referee to help prevent the delay-of-game penalty. It is the obligation of the players to be ready to resume play on time even if the referee fails to give time warnings. If the matches are on, or ahead of, schedule, the players must be in the court warming up at least 10 minutes before the assigned match time to assure a prompt start. If running behind, the players must be dressed and ready to enter the court for a maximum 10 minute, on-court warm up. If a player shows up less than 10 minutes before the scheduled starting time, his warm-up time will be reduced accordingly. The tournament chairman may permit a longer delay if circumstances warrant.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Changed automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
b. Late start penalty.
~~The~~ If a player is not ready to play (or resume play) on time, the opponent shall be awarded one point. The opponent will then be awarded one additional point for each full minute of delay of game up to 10 minutes.
The match shall then be forfeited.
This applies to the start of the match, between-game timeouts, timeouts during a game and glove-change timeouts.
Players should stay within earshot of the referee to help prevent the delay-of-game penalty.
It is the obligation of the players to be ready to resume play on time even if the referee fails to give time warnings.
If the matches are on, or ahead ~~of,~~ of schedule, the players must be in the court warming up at least 10 minutes before the assigned match time to assure a prompt start.
If running behind, the players must be dressed and ready to enter the court for a maximum 10-minute, in-court warm up.
If a player shows up less than 10 minutes before the scheduled starting time, his ~~warm-uptime~~ warm-up time will be reduced accordingly.
The tournament ~~chairman~~ director may permit a longer delay if circumstances warrant.
27 words added, 4 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Changed automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
b. Late start penalty.
~~The~~ If a player is not ready to play (or resume play) on time, the opponent shall be awarded one point. The opponent will then be awarded one additional point for each full minute of delay of game up to 10 minutes.
The match shall then be forfeited.
This applies to the start of the match, between-game timeouts, timeouts during a game and glove-change timeouts.
Players should stay within earshot of the referee to help prevent the delay-of-game penalty.
It is the obligation of the players to be ready to resume play on time even if the referee fails to give time warnings.
If the matches are on, or ahead ~~of,~~ of schedule, the players must be in the court warming up at least 10 minutes before the assigned match time to assure a prompt start.
If running behind, the players must be dressed and ready to enter the court for a maximum 10-minute, in-court warm up.
If a player shows up less than 10 minutes before the scheduled starting time, his ~~warm-uptime~~ warm-up time will be reduced accordingly.
The tournament ~~chairman~~ director may permit a longer delay if circumstances warrant.
27 words added, 4 removed.
2000 USHA One-Wall Rules
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994.
b) Late start penalty. ~~The~~ If a player is not ready to play (or resume play) on time, the opponent shall be awarded one point. The opponent will then be awarded one additional point for each full minute of delay of game up to 10 minutes. The match shall then be forfeited. This applies to the start of the match, between-game time-outs, time-outs during a game and glove-change time-outs. Players should stay within earshot of the referee to help prevent the delay-of-game penalty. It is the obligation of the players to be ready to resume play on time even if the referee fails to give time warnings. If the matches are on, or ahead of, schedule, the players must be in the court warming up at least 10 minutes before the assigned match time to assure a prompt start. If running behind, the players must be dressed and ready to enter the court for a maximum 10 minute, on-court warm up. If a player shows up less than 10 minutes before the scheduled starting time, his warm-up time will be reduced accordingly. The tournament chairman may permit a longer delay if circumstances warrant.
23 words added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
5 more rulebooks with the same words
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
b) b. Late start penalty. If a player is not ready to play (or resume play) on time, the opponent shall be awarded one point. The opponent will then be awarded one additional point for each full minute of delay of game up to 10 minutes. The match shall then be forfeited. This applies to the start of the match, between-game ~~time-outs, time-outs~~ timeouts, timeouts during a game and glove-change ~~time-outs.~~ timeouts. Late start penalty points are not cumulative, and the match forfeiture provision shall be applicable only if the full 10-minute delay is consecutive. Players should stay within earshot of the referee to help prevent the delay-of-game penalty. It is the obligation of the players to be ready to resume play on time even if the referee fails to give time warnings. If the matches are on, or ahead ~~of,~~ of schedule, the players must be in the court warming up at least 10 minutes before the assigned match time to assure a prompt start. If the tournament schedule is running behind, the players must be dressed and ready to enter the court for a maximum ~~10 minute, on-court~~ 10-minute, in-court warm up. If a player shows up less than 10 minutes before the scheduled starting time, ~~his~~ that player’s warm-up time will be reduced accordingly. The tournament ~~chairman~~ director may permit a longer delay if circumstances warrant.
37 words added, 10 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
b. Late start penalty. If a player is not ready to play (or resume play) on time, the opponent shall be awarded one point. The opponent will then be awarded one additional point for each full minute of delay of game up to 10 minutes. The match shall then be forfeited. This applies to the start of the match, between-game timeouts, timeouts during a game and glove-change timeouts. Late start penalty points are not cumulative, and the match forfeiture provision shall be applicable only if the full 10-minute delay is consecutive. Players should stay within earshot of the referee to help prevent the delay-of-game penalty. It is the obligation of the players to be ready to resume play on time even if the referee fails to give time warnings. If the matches are on, or ahead of schedule, the players must be in the court warming up at least 10 minutes before the assigned match time to assure a prompt start. If the tournament schedule is running behind, the players must be dressed and ready to enter the court for a maximum 10-minute, in-court warm up.
If a player shows up less than 10 minutes before the scheduled starting time, ~~his~~ that player’s warm-up time will be reduced accordingly.
The tournament director may permit a longer delay if circumstances warrant.
29 words added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall)
Changed automatic
Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
b. Late start penalty. If a player is not ready to play (or resume play) on time, the opponent shall be awarded one point. The opponent will then be awarded one additional point for each full minute of delay of game up to 10 minutes. The match shall then be forfeited. This applies to the start of the match, between-game timeouts, timeouts during a game and glove-change timeouts. Late start penalty points are not cumulative, and the match forfeiture provision shall be applicable only if the full 10-minute delay is consecutive. Players should stay within earshot of the referee to help prevent the delay-of-game penalty. It is the obligation of the players to be ready to resume play on time even if the referee fails to give time warnings. If the matches are on, or ahead of schedule, the players must be in the court warming up at least 10 minutes before the assigned match time to assure a prompt start. If the tournament schedule is running behind, the players must be dressed and ready to enter the court for a maximum 10-minute, in-court warm up.
If a player shows up less than 10 minutes before the scheduled starting time, ~~his~~ that player’s warm-up time will be reduced accordingly.
The tournament director may permit a longer delay if circumstances warrant.
29 words added, 1 removed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
- 2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. Read the rule
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Changed automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
b. Late start penalty. If a player is not ready to play (or resume play) on time, the opponent shall be awarded one point. The opponent will then be awarded one additional point for each full minute of delay of game up to 10 minutes. The match shall then be forfeited. This applies to the start of the match, between-game timeouts, timeouts during a game and glove-change timeouts. Late start penalty points are not cumulative, and the match forfeiture provision shall be applicable only if the full 10-minute delay is consecutive. Players should stay within earshot of the referee to help prevent the delay-of-game penalty. It is the obligation of the players to be ready to resume play on time even if the referee fails to give time warnings. If the matches are on, or ahead of schedule, the players must be in the court warming up at least 10 minutes before the assigned match time to assure a prompt start. If the tournament schedule is running behind, the players must be dressed and ready to enter the court for a maximum 10-minute, in-court warm up.
If a player shows up less than 10 minutes before the scheduled starting time, ~~his~~ that player’s warm-up time will be reduced accordingly.
The tournament director may permit a longer delay if circumstances warrant.
29 words added, 1 removed.
24 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.

Rule 3.4, part 18 of 23

Begins: “B. Decisions. The referee will be positioned behind the…”

14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
B. Decisions. The referee will be positioned behind the receiving side and shall make all decisions with regard to the rules. Where line judges are used, the referee shall announce all final judgments. In the absence of line judges, if both players in singles or three out of four in a doubles match disagree with a call made by the referee, the referee should consider reversing his call.
Read this rule in the rulebook
2000 USHA One-Wall Rules
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994.
B. Decisions. The referee will be positioned behind the receiving side and shall make all decisions with regard to the ~~rules.~~ rules and the referee has the authority to change his call. Where line judges are used, the referee shall announce all final judgments. In the absence of line judges, if both players in singles or three out of four in a doubles match disagree with a call made by the referee, the referee should consider reversing his call.
11 words added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
8 more rulebooks with the same words
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008.
B. Decisions. The referee ~~will be positioned behind the receiving side and~~ shall make all decisions with regard to the rules and the referee has the authority to change ~~his~~ his/her call. Where line judges are used, the referee shall announce all final judgments. In the absence of line judges, if both players in singles or three out of four in a doubles match disagree with a call made by the referee, the referee should consider reversing ~~his~~ his/her call. The Chief of referees and/or tournament director who has witnessed a violation of Rule 4.9. Technicals may enforce the application of the technical. (See Rule 4.9 Technicals).
29 words added, 10 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook

Rule 3.4, part 19 of 23

Begins: “B. Decisions. The referee shall make all decisions with…”

27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
B. Decisions. The referee shall make all decisions with regard to the rules and the referee has the authority to change his/her call. Where line judges are used, the referee shall announce all final judgments. In the absence of line judges, if both players in singles or three out of four in a doubles match disagree with a call made by the referee, the referee should consider reversing his/her call. The Chief of referees and/or tournament director who has witnessed a violation of Rule 4.9. Technicals may enforce the application of the technical. (See Rule 4.9 Technicals).
Read this rule in the rulebook
12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019.
B. Decisions. The referee shall make all decisions with regard to the rules and the referee has the authority to change his/her ~~call.~~ call (See Rule 3.7 Appeals). Where line judges are used, the referee shall announce all final judgments. In the absence of line judges, if both players in singles or three out of four in a doubles match disagree with a call made by the referee, the referee should consider reversing his/her call. Any reversal must be completed before the referee announces the score for the next rally. On the final rally of any game such reversal must come in a reasonable time after the rally, consistent with the amount of time that would normally transpire from the end of a rally to the subsequent calling of the score. The Chief of ~~referees~~ Referees and/or ~~tournament director~~ Tournament Director who has witnessed a violation of Rule ~~4.9.~~ 4.9 Technicals may enforce the application of the ~~technical.~~ Technical (See ~~Rule~~ Rule. 4.9 Technicals).
67 words added, 7 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Read the rule

Rule 3.4, item C

Begins: “C. Protests. Any decision involving a rules interpretation maybe…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
C. Protests.
Any decision involving a rules interpretation maybe protested before the next serve.
It will then be resolved by the head referee or tournament chairman.
Judgment calls may not be protested.
If the player's protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made.
If the player's protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a timeout.
If the player is out of timeouts, he will be charged with a technical.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
C. Protests. Any decision involving a rules interpretation must be protested before the next serve. It will then be resolved by the head referee or tournament chairman. Judgment hinder calls may not be protested. If the player's protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made. If the player's protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a time-out. If the player is out of time-outs, he will be charged with a technical.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
C. Protests.
Any decision involving a rules interpretation ~~maybe~~ may be protested before the next serve.
It will then be resolved by the ~~head referee~~ chief of referees or tournament ~~chairman.~~
director. Judgment calls may not be protested.
If the player's protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made.
If the player's protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a timeout.
If the player is out of timeouts, he will be charged with a technical.
6 words added, 4 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
C. Protests.
Any decision involving a rules interpretation ~~maybe~~ may be protested before the next serve.
It will then be resolved by the ~~head referee~~ chief of referees or tournament ~~chairman.~~
director. Judgment calls may not be protested.
If the player's protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made.
If the player's protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a timeout.
If the player is out of timeouts, he will be charged with a technical.
6 words added, 4 removed.
2000 USHA One-Wall Rules
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994.
C. Protests. Any decision involving a rules interpretation ~~must~~ may be protested before the next serve. It will then be resolved by the ~~head referee~~ chief of referees or tournament ~~chairman.~~ director. Judgment hinder calls may not be protested. If the player's protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made. If the player's protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a time-out. If the player is out of time-outs, he will be charged with a technical.
5 words added, 4 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
5 more rulebooks with the same words
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
C. Protests. Any decision involving a rules interpretation may be protested before the next serve. It will then be resolved by the chief of referees or tournament director. Judgment ~~hinder~~ calls may not be protested. If the player's protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made. If the player's protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a ~~time-out.~~ timeout. If the player is out of ~~time-outs, he will~~ timeouts, a technical shall be charged ~~with a technical.~~ against the player.
8 words added, 8 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
C. Protests. Any decision involving a rules interpretation may be protested before the next serve. It will then be resolved by the chief of referees or tournament director. Judgment calls may not be protested. If the player's protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made. If the player's protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a timeout. If the player is out of timeouts, ~~he will~~ a technical shall be charged ~~with a technical.~~ against the player.
6 words added, 5 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall)
Reworded automatic
Compared with American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
C. Protests. Any decision involving a rules interpretation may be protested before the next serve. It will then be resolved by the chief of referees or tournament director. Judgment calls may not be protested. If the player's protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made. If the player's protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a timeout. If the player is out of timeouts, ~~he will~~ a technical shall be charged ~~with a technical.~~ against the player.
6 words added, 5 removed.
June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
C. Protests. Any decision involving a rules interpretation may be protested before the next serve. It will then be resolved by the chief of referees or tournament director. Judgment calls may not be protested. If the ~~player's~~ player’s protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made. If the ~~player's~~ player’s protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a timeout. If the player is out of timeouts, a technical shall be charged against the player.
2 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
3 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
C. Protests. Any decision involving a rules interpretation may be protested before the next serve. It will then be resolved by the chief of referees or tournament director. Judgment calls may not be protested. If the ~~player's~~ player’s protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made. If the ~~player's~~ player’s protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a timeout. If the player is out of timeouts, a technical shall be charged against the player.
2 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Reworded automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
C. Protests. Any decision involving a rules interpretation may be protested before the next serve. It will then be resolved by the chief of referees or tournament director. Judgment calls may not be protested. If the ~~player's~~ player’s protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made. If the ~~player's~~ player’s protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a timeout. If the player is out of timeouts, ~~he will~~ a technical shall be charged ~~with a technical.~~ against the player.
8 words added, 7 removed.
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with American four-wall, 12 July 2019.
C. Protests. Any decision involving a rules interpretation may be protested before the referee announces the score for the next ~~serve.~~ rally. It will then be resolved by the chief of referees or tournament director. Judgment calls may not be protested. If the player’s protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made. If the player’s protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a timeout. If the player is out of timeouts, a technical shall be charged against the player.
7 words added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019.
C. Protests. Any decision involving a rules interpretation may be protested before the referee announces the score for the next ~~serve.~~ rally. It will then be resolved by the chief of referees or tournament director. Judgment calls may not be protested. If the player’s protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made. If the player’s protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a timeout. If the player is out of timeouts, a technical shall be charged against the player.
7 words added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 more rulebooks with the same words
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Reworded automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
C. Protests. Any decision involving a rules interpretation may be protested before the referee announces the score for the next ~~serve.~~ rally. It will then be resolved by the chief of referees or tournament director. Judgment calls may not be protested. If the player’s protest is upheld, the proper ruling will be made. If the player’s protest is not upheld, the player shall be charged with a timeout. If the player is out of timeouts, a technical shall be charged against the player.
7 words added, 1 removed.

Rule 3.4, item D

Begins: “D. Forfeitures. A match may be forfeited by the…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
D. Forfeitures.
A match may be forfeited by the referee when:
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
D. Forfeitures. A match may be forfeited by the referee when:
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
D. Forfeitures.
A match may be forfeited by the referee when:
no words changed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
D. Forfeitures.
A match may be forfeited by the referee when:
no words changed.
44 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- 1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002. Read the rule
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
- 2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. Read the rule
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.

Rule 3.4, item E

Begins: “E. Defaults. A player or team may be forfeited…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
E. Defaults.
A player or team may be forfeited by the tournament director or official in charge for failure to comply with the tournament or host facility's rules while on the tournament premises, for failure to referee or for any other improper conduct on the tournament premises.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
E. Defaults. A player or team may be forfeited by the tournament director or official in charge for failure to comply with the tournament or host facility's rules while on the tournament premises, for failure to referee, or for any other improper conduct on the tournament premises.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
E. Defaults.
A player or team may be forfeited by the tournament director or official in charge for failure to comply with the tournament or host facility's rules while on the tournament premises, for failure to referee or for any other improper conduct on the tournament premises.
no words changed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
E. Defaults.
A player or team may be forfeited by the tournament director or official in charge for failure to comply with the tournament or host facility's rules while on the tournament premises, for failure to referee or for any other improper conduct on the tournament premises.
no words changed.
6 more rulebooks with the same words
- 2000 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994. Read the rule
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Punctuation only automatic
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
E. Defaults. A player or team may be forfeited by the tournament director or official in charge for failure to comply with the tournament or host facility's rules while on the tournament premises, for failure to ~~referee,~~ referee or for any other improper conduct on the tournament premises.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
7 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Unchanged automatic
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007.
E. Defaults. A player or team may be forfeited by the tournament director or official in charge for failure to comply with the tournament or host ~~facility's~~ facility’s rules while on the tournament premises, for failure to referee or for any other improper conduct on the tournament premises.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014.
E. ~~Defaults.~~ Forfeitures. A player or team may be forfeited by the tournament director or official in charge for failure to comply with the tournament or host facility’s rules while on the tournament premises, for failure to referee or for any other improper conduct on the tournament premises.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014.
E. ~~Defaults.~~ Forfeitures. A player or team may be forfeited by the tournament director or official in charge for failure to comply with the tournament or host ~~facility's~~ facility’s rules while on the tournament premises, for failure to referee or for any other improper conduct on the tournament premises.
2 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)
Reworded automatic
Compared with USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
E. ~~Defaults.~~ Forfeitures. A player or team may be forfeited by the tournament director or official in charge for failure to comply with the tournament or host ~~facility's~~ facility’s rules while on the tournament premises, for failure to referee or for any other improper conduct on the tournament premises.
2 words added, 2 removed.
4 more rulebooks with the same words
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.
E. ~~Forfeitures.~~ Defaults. A player or team may be forfeited by the tournament director or official in charge for failure to comply with the tournament or host facility’s rules while on the tournament premises, for failure to referee or for any other improper conduct on the tournament premises.
1 word added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
19 more rulebooks with the same words
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.

Rule 3.4, item F

Begins: “F. Other rulings. The referee shall rule on all…”

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
First recorded automatic
F. Other rulings.
The referee shall rule on all matters not covered in the USHA Official Rules. However, the referee may be overruled by the referees chairman or tournament director, who shall have final authority.
Read this rule in the rulebook
14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules
First recorded automatic
F. Other rulings. The referee shall rule on all matters not covered in the USHA Official Rules. However, the referee may be overruled by the referees chairman or tournament director, who shall have final authority.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
F. Other rulings.
The referee shall rule on all matters not covered in the USHA Official Rules. However, the referee may be overruled by the chief of referees ~~chairman~~ or tournament director, ~~who~~ the latter of whom shall have final authority.
6 words added, 2 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA Four-Wall Rules, 20 June 1990.
F. Other rulings.
The referee shall rule on all matters not covered in the USHA Official Rules. However, the referee may be overruled by the chief of referees ~~chairman~~ or tournament director, ~~who~~ the latter of whom shall have final authority.
6 words added, 2 removed.
2000 USHA One-Wall Rules
Reworded machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 14 October 1994.
F. Other rulings. The referee shall rule on all matters not covered in the USHA Official Rules. However, the referee may be overruled by the chief of referees ~~chairman~~ or tournament director, who shall have final authority.
2 words added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
5 more rulebooks with the same words
- 9 March 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 7 October 2001 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 8 April 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 20 August 2002 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 19 January 2005 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules
Changed machine-reviewed
Compared with USHA One-Wall Rules, 20 August 2002.
F. Other rulings. The referee shall rule on all matters not covered in the USHA Official Rules. However, the referee may be overruled by the chief of referees or tournament director, ~~who~~ the latter of whom shall have final authority.
4 words added, 1 removed.
Read this rule in the rulebook
37 more rulebooks with the same words
- 15 April 2005 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999. Read the rule
- June 2006 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- June 2006 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005.
- June 2006 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 1 April 2005. Read the rule
- May 2007 USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, June 2006.
- 13 October 2007 American three-wall (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 31 January 1999.
- June 2008 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2006. Read the rule
- 2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rule Changes, May 2007. Read the rule
- 2014 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- January 2014 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, June 2008. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 2014. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, January 2014. Read the rule
- 6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, December 2004.
- 22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015. Read the rule
- 22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 6 February 2015.
- 27 January 2019 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017. Read the rule
- 12 July 2019 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 12 July 2019 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 27 January 2019.
- 26 January 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as American four-wall, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 26 January 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 12 July 2019. Read the rule
- 20 September 2020 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 21 September 2020 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2020. Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 22 January 2021 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, September 2020. Read the rule
- 9 December 2021 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 23 January 2022 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 22 January 2021. Read the rule
- 27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022.
- 17 January 2024 American four-wall (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2024 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Read the rule
- 26 January 2024 USHA One-Wall Rules Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA One-Wall Rules, 23 January 2022. Read the rule
- 17 July 2024 American one-wall, small ball Unchanged automatic
- 26 January 2025 USHA Four-Wall Rulebook (American four-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Four-Wall Rules, 26 January 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA One-Wall Rulebook Unchanged automatic Same words as American one-wall, small ball, 17 July 2024. Read the rule
- 26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall) Unchanged automatic Same words as USHA Three-Wall Addendum, 22 January 2017.

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Rule 3.4, part 1 of 23

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules

31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)

2000 USHA One-Wall Rules

2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum

6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)

Rule 3.4, part 2 of 23

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules

31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)

1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules

2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

6 February 2015 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum

6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)

22 January 2017 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

22 January 2017 USHA One-Wall Addendum

22 January 2017 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)

27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules

Rule 3.4, part 3 of 23

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules

31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)

1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules

2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum

6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)

27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules

27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall)

26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)

Rule 3.4, part 4 of 23

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules

31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)

1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules

2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum

6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)

27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules

Rule 3.4, part 5 of 23

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules

31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)

1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules

2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum

6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)

27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules

27 November 2022 American four-wall (American four-wall)

26 January 2025 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)

Rule 3.4, part 6 of 23

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules

31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)

1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules

2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum

6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)

27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules

Rule 3.4, part 7 of 23

20 June 1990 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

14 October 1994 USHA One-Wall Rules

31 January 1999 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

31 January 1999 American four-wall (American four-wall)

1 April 2005 USHA One-Wall Rules

2012 USHA Four-Wall Rules (American four-wall)

6 February 2015 USHA One-Wall Addendum

6 February 2015 USHA Three-Wall Addendum (American three-wall)

27 January 2019 USHA One-Wall Rules