USHA Four-Wall Rules · American four-wall
Rule 4.9 Technicals
HistoricalUSHA Four-Wall Rules, 2012 (historical)
USHA rules text used with permission of the U.S. Handball Association (ushandball.org); credit: U.S. Handball Association. Source: ushandball.org
A technical is assessed for unsportsmanlike conduct or for improperly wearing eye protection. If a referee issues a technical, one point shall be deducted from the offender’s score. The technical has no effect on service changes or sideouts. If the technical occurs between games or when the offender has no points, the result will be that the offender’s score will be a negative one. Three technicals in a match, or two for eye protection infractions, on a singles player or a doubles team will result in a forfeiture.
Types
Some examples of actions that may result in technicals are:
1) Too frequent complaints made against the referee’s judgment.
2) Abuse of appeal privileges.
3) Profanity.
4) Excessive arguing.
5) Threat of any nature to opponent or referee.
6) Excessive or hard striking, throwing or kicking of ball between rallies.
Interpretation
If the opponent is hit or narrowly missed by the ball, a technical should be called. On the other hand, if it is the first offense, and the opponent was in no danger of being hit, a technical warning should be issued.
7) Failure to wear eye protection properly.
8) Protests lost after all timeouts have been used.
9) Anything considered to be unsportsmanlike behavior.
Warnings
If a player’s behavior is not so severe as to warrant a technical, a technical warning may be issued without a point deduction and should be accompanied by a brief explanation of the reason for a warning. A technical warning may precede the penalty of a technical but is not necessary.
Mentioned here
How this rule changed
See the wording of this rule in every rulebook, with the changes marked.
How these ideas connect in this rule
- Actor
- Action
- Thing
- Concept
- related term
- mentioned together in sub-rules (×number)
- Player relates to Opponent: mentioned together in 15 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Referee: mentioned together in 30 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Rally: mentioned together in 9 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Ball: mentioned together in 24 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Point: mentioned together in 12 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Game, match, tiebreaker: mentioned together in 10 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Singles: mentioned together in 8 sub-rules.
- Player relates to Doubles: mentioned together in 13 sub-rules.
- Opponent relates to Referee: mentioned together in 9 sub-rules.
- Opponent relates to Ball: mentioned together in 14 sub-rules.
- Referee relates to Rally: mentioned together in 8 sub-rules.
- Referee relates to Time-out: mentioned together in 8 sub-rules.
- Referee relates to Ball: mentioned together in 14 sub-rules.
- Rally relates to Ball: mentioned together in 9 sub-rules.
- Singles relates to Doubles: mentioned together in 9 sub-rules.
No link to the other terms shown: Appeal, Technical, Warning, Eye protection. 49 weaker links (terms mentioned together in few sub-rules) are not drawn.